We report the case of a twenty-year-old immunocompetent male patient presenting to the emergency room with pharyngitis and fever. Blood cultures were drawn and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum (rough biotype) was recovered. The presence of the arcanolysin gene was investigated at the molecular level and the upstream region was amplified and sequenced in order to correlate it with the smooth or rough biotype. Although the isolate was susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin and gentamicin, empirical treatments first with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (1 g/12 h) and then with ceftriaxone (1 g/12 h) failed and the infection evolved to sepsis. Finally, treatment with vancomycin (1 g/12 h) plus piperacillin/tazobactam (4.5 g/8 h) was effective. Lemierre's syndrome was ruled out. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of bacteremia by A. haemolyticum reported in Argentina.

我们报告了一名 20 岁免疫功能正常的男性患者，因咽炎和发烧到急诊室就诊。抽血培养物和溶血神秘杆菌（粗略的生物型）被回收。在分子水平上研究了神秘溶素基因的存在，并对上游区域进行了扩增和测序，以便将其与光滑或粗糙的生物型相关联。尽管分离株对青霉素、万古霉素和庆大霉素敏感，但先用阿莫西林/克拉维酸 (1 g/12 h) 然后用头孢曲松 (1 g/12 h) 进行经验性治疗失败，感染演变为败血症。最后，用万古霉素 (1 g/12 h) 加哌拉西林/他唑巴坦 (4.5 g/8 h) 治疗是有效的。排除了 Lemierre 综合征。据我们所知，这是阿根廷报告的第一例溶血性放线菌菌血症病例。