Abstract Previous studies suggest that bilinguals’ lexical access is language non-selective, especially for orthographically identical translation equivalents across languages (i.e., identical cognates). The present study investigated how such words (e.g., 学校 meaning “school” in both Chinese and Japanese) are processed in the (late) Chinese - Japanese bilingual brain. Using an L2-Japanese lexical decision task, both behavioral and electrophysiological data were collected. Reaction times (RTs), as well as the N400 component, showed that cognates are more easily recognized than non-cognates. Additionally, an early component (i.e., the N250), potentially reflecting activation at the word-form level, was also found. Cognates elicited a more positive N250 than non-cognates in the frontal region, indicating that the cognate facilitation effect occurred at an early stage of word formation for languages with logographic scripts.

中文翻译：

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阅读相同同源词时大脑活动的时间过程：汉日双语者的ERP研究

摘要 先前的研究表明，双语者的词汇访问是语言非选择性的，特别是对于跨语言的拼写相同的翻译等价物（即相同的同源词）。本研究调查了这些词（例如，学校在中文和日语中的意思是“学校”）在（晚期）中日双语大脑中是如何处理的。使用 L2-日语词汇决策任务，收集了行为和电生理数据。反应时间 (RT) 以及 N400 成分表明，同源词比非同源词更容易识别。此外，还发现了一个早期组件（即 N250），可能反映了词形级别的激活。在额叶区域，同源词比非同源词引起更正的 N250，