Abstract The X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM) is a recovery mission of ASTRO-H (Hitomi) launched in 2016. The Resolve instrument on the XRISM is an 6 × 6 array of silicon-thermistor microcalorimeters cooled down to 50 mK combined with a 5.6 m focal length X-ray telescope. Its design inherits that of the Soft X-ray Spectrometer (SXS) onboard ASTRO-H that demonstrated high resolution spectroscopy of the X-ray microcalorimeters by observing astronomical objects and providing superb resolution spectra. The cooling chain of the Resolve consists of a 3-stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR), a Joule-Thomson cooler, ~ 30 L superfluid helium, four Stirling coolers and a vacuum vessel or a dewar. Design of the Resolve cooling system is basically the same as that in the SXS but several changes are adopted based on lessons learned. This paper describes mainly the cooling system from room temperature to about 1 K providing the ADR heat sink. Major changes include an aperture baffle for micrometeoroid and orbital debris protection and optical light reduction, an eddy current damper to slow a gate valve opening, a new vibration isolation system with launch-locks.

中文翻译：

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用于解决板载 XRISM 的冷却系统

摘要 X 射线成像和光谱任务 (XRISM) 是 2016 年发射的 ASTRO-H (Hitomi) 的回收任务。 XRISM 上的 Resolve 仪器是一个 6 × 6 的硅热敏电阻微量热仪阵列，冷却至 50 mK使用 5.6 m 焦距 X 射线望远镜。它的设计继承了 ASTRO-H 机载软 X 射线光谱仪 (SXS) 的设计，该仪器通过观察天文物体并提供极好的分辨率光谱来展示 X 射线微量热仪的高分辨率光谱。Resolve 的冷却链由一个 3 级绝热退磁制冷机 (ADR)、一个焦耳-汤姆逊冷却器、~30 L 超流氦、四个斯特林冷却器和一个真空容器或一个杜瓦瓶组成。Resolve 冷却系统的设计与 SXS 中的基本相同，但根据经验教训进行了一些更改。本文主要介绍了提供 ADR 散热器的从室温到大约 1 K 的冷却系统。主要变化包括用于微流星体和轨道碎片保护和光学减光的孔径挡板、用于减缓闸阀打开速度的涡流阻尼器、带有发射锁的新型隔振系统。