The quark exchange model (QEM) is reformulated for the $A=12$ and 14 systems to obtain the constituent quark distributions of ${}^{12}C$ and ${}^{14}N$ nuclei, respectively. Afterwards, the different types of the point-like parton distribution functions (PDFs), i.e., the valence quarks, the sea quarks and the gluons, are extracted from the constituent quark model (CQM), at the hadronic scale $Q_0^2=0.34$ GeV² to generate the constituent quark exchange model (CQEM = QEM ⊕ CQM) PDFs. From the resulted PDFs, the structure functions and the European Muon Collaboration (EMC) ratios of the above-mentioned nuclei at the appropriate hadronic scale are calculated. To make our results more comparable with the available experimental data, we evolve the PDFs, by using the standard Dokshitzer–Gribov–Lipatov–Altarelli–Parisi (DGALP) evolution equations, to the higher hard scales. Subsequently, the EMC ratios of ${}^{12}C$ and ${}^{14}N$ nuclei at some higher energy scales, corresponding to the scales of available data, are calculated, at the leading (LO) and the next-to-leading (NLO) orders of pQCD. By doing so, it is observed that the EMC ratios do not significantly depend on the hard scale $Q^2$, and the outcomes are consistent with the various experimental data such as HERMES, BCDMS, JLab, SLAC, NMC, and EMC. Especially, in the mid-range of Bjorken x values, the results are so desirable. Like our previous works for the ${}^{4}He$ and ${}^{6}Li$ nuclei, we again observe that at a fixed scale $Q^2$, the LO and the NLO EMC ratios with high precision are approximately the same. Therefore, one can conclude that at a given hard scale, the LO approximation is good enough for calculating the EMC ratios of light nuclei.

重新格式化了夸克交换模型（QEM） $\mathrm{一种}=12$ 和14个系统来获取组成的夸克分布 ${}^{12}C$ 和 ${}^{14}ñ$原子核。然后，从强夸克尺度上从构成夸克模型（CQM）中提取不同类型的点状parton分布函数（PDF），即化合价夸克，海夸克和胶子。${问}_0^2=0.34$GeV ²生成组成的夸克交换模型（CQEM = QEM⊕CQM）PDF。从生成的PDF中，在适当的强子尺度下计算上述原子核的结构功能和欧洲Muon协作（EMC）比。为了使我们的结果与可用的实验数据更具可比性，我们通过使用标准的Dokshitzer–Gribov–Lipatov–Altarelli–Parisi（DGALP）演化方程式将PDF演化为更高的硬标度。随后，EMC比率为${}^{12}C$ 和 ${}^{14}ñ$在pQCD的领先（LO）和次要领先（NLO）阶数下，计算了一些与可用数据的大小相对应的更高能级的原子核。通过这样做，可以观察到EMC比率并不明显取决于硬标度。${问}^2$，其结果与HERMES，BCDMS，JLab，SLAC，NMC和EMC等各种实验数据一致。尤其是在Bjorken x值的中间范围内，结果是非常理想的。就像我们以前的作品${}^{4}HË$ 和 ${}^6\mathrm{大号}\mathrm{一世}$ 原子核，我们再次观察到它是固定的 ${问}^2$，LO和NLO的EMC比率具有很高的精度。因此，可以得出结论，在给定的硬标度下，LO近似值足以计算轻核的EMC比。