Synthetic fertilizer-induced nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions contribute to climate change. Enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs) may reduce soil N₂O emissions compared to conventional fertilizers like urea-ammonium-nitrate (“UAN”) and urea by better matching fertilizer N supply with plant N demand. This study tested whether three liquid EEFs (a nitrification inhibitor, “NI”, a urease inhibitor, “UI”, and a urease and nitrification inhibitor, “UI + NI”) and polymer-coated urea (Environmentally Smart Nitrogen, “PCU”) reduced N₂O emissions compared to liquid UAN and solid urea from a rain-fed soil located in a cool, semiarid climate. Fertilizer was split applied (between 73 and 88 kg N ha⁻¹ side-banded at planting and broadcast in the spring at Feekes growth stage 4) to winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) over three years in Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada. Nitrous oxide fluxes and soil ammonium (NH₄⁺, mg N kg⁻¹) and nitrate (NO₃⁻, mg N kg⁻¹) were measured from planting to harvest. While there were yearly differences detected for cumulative N₂O emissions (kg N ha⁻¹, P < .001) and yield-scaled N₂O emissions (mg N₂O-N kg⁻¹ yield, P < .001), there were no significant differences in cumulative N₂O emissions, N₂O lost as a percentage of N added as fertilizer (emissions factors), or yield-scaled N₂O emissions between fertilizer types. The results of this study show that EEFs applied to semiarid winter wheat crops do not alter N₂O emissions or emissions factors compared to conventional fertilizers over the winter wheat life cycle suggesting they have limited benefits for mitigating climate change in the Canadian Prairies.

合成肥料引起的一氧化二氮（N ₂ O）排放导致气候变化。与传统肥料（如尿素-硝酸铵（“ UAN”）和尿素）相比，增效肥料（EEF）可通过使肥料氮的供应量与植物的氮需求更好地匹配来减少土壤N ₂ O的排放。这项研究测试了三种液体EEF（硝化抑制剂，“ NI”，脲酶抑制剂，“ UI”，以及脲酶和硝化抑制剂，“ UI + NI”）和涂有聚合物的尿素（环境智能氮，“ PCU”）是否有效）与处于凉爽，半干旱气候的雨养土壤中的液态UAN和固态尿素相比，减少了N ₂ O排放。分开施肥（73至88 kg N ha ^-1在播种时进行边带播种，并在春季在Feekes生长阶段4）播种，并在三年内在加拿大艾伯塔省莱斯布里奇播种冬小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）。一氧化二氮通量和土壤铵（NH ₄ ⁺，毫克N-千克^-1）和硝酸盐（NO ₃ ^{- ，}毫克N-千克^-1）从种植到收获时测定。尽管检测到的累积N ₂ O排放量（kg N ha ^-1，P  <.001）和产量成比例的N ₂ O排放量（mg N ₂ O-N kg ^-1产量，P  <.001）每年存在差异，累积氮无显着差异₂ O排放，损失的N ₂ O占肥料中添加的N的百分比（排放因子）或不同肥料类型之间按产量定级的N ₂ O排放。这项研究的结果表明，与常规肥料相比，应用于半干旱冬小麦作物的EEF与冬小麦生命周期中的常规肥料相比，不会改变N ₂ O排放或排放因子，这表明它们在缓解加拿大大草原气候变化方面的作用有限。