When dealing with ice structure interaction modeling, such as designs for offshore structures/icebreakers or predicting ice cover's bearing capacity for transportation, it is essential to determine the most important failure modes of ice. Structural properties, ice material properties, ice-structure interaction processes, and ice sheet geometries have significant effect on failure modes. In this paper two most frequently observed failure modes are studied; splitting failure mode for in-plane failure of finite ice sheet and out-of-plane failure of semi-infinite ice sheet. Peridynamic theory was used to determine the load necessary for in-plane failure of a finite ice sheet. Moreover, the relationship between radial crack initiation load and measured out-of-plane failure load for a semi-infinite ice sheet is established. To achieve this, two peridynamic models are developed. First model is a 2 dimensional bond based peridynamic model of a plate with initial crack used for the in-plane case. Second model is based on a Mindlin plate resting on a Winkler elastic foundation formulation for out-of-plane case. Numerical results obtained using peridynamics are compared against experimental results and a good agreement between the two approaches is obtained confirming capability of peridynamics for predicting in-plane and out-of-plane failure of ice sheets.

中文翻译：

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使用近场动力学对冰盖进行平面内和平面外破坏

在处理冰结构相互作用建模时，例如海上结构/破冰船的设计或预测冰盖的运输承载能力，确定最重要的冰破坏模式至关重要。结构特性、冰材料特性、冰结构相互作用过程和冰盖几何形状对失效模式有显着影响。本文研究了两种最常观察到的失效模式；有限冰盖面内破坏和半无限冰盖面外破坏的分裂破坏模式。近场动力学理论用于确定有限冰盖平面内破坏所需的载荷。此外，建立了半无限冰盖径向裂纹萌生载荷与实测平面外破坏载荷之间的关系。为了达成这个，开发了两个近场动力学模型。第一个模型是具有初始裂纹的板的基于二维键的近场动力学模型，用于平面情况。第二个模型基于基于 Winkler 弹性基础公式的 Mindlin 板，用于平面外情况。使用近场动力学获得的数值结果与实验结果进行了比较，两种方法之间获得了良好的一致性，证实了近场动力学预测冰盖平面内和平面外故障的能力。