Autonomous ships are gaining in importance and are expected to shape the future of the global shipping industry. This evolutionary shift raises serious issues about compliance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972 (COLREGs). This paper reviews the literature on autonomous ships from the perspective of the obligations of good seamanship imposed by COLREGs. The authors conclude that to facilitate the introduction of autonomous ships, the application barriers presented by COLREGs need to be analysed. With this goal, this paper presents a perspective from navigational practice. Four nautical scientists and two deck officers were invited to give their opinions. The analysis indicates that COLREGs require further elaboration and amendments to eliminate uncertainty of interpretation. In particular, the paper highlights the need to amend the ‘look-out’ rule (COLREGs Rule 5) to permit look-out by ‘computer vision’ alone while, at the same time, preserving the distinction between vessels navigating in restricted visibility and in sight of one another.

中文翻译：

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COLREG良好的航海技术要求对使用自主船舶的应用障碍研究

自主船舶越来越重要，预计将塑造全球航运业的未来。这种进化转变引发了有关遵守 1972 年国际海上避碰规则 (COLREGs) 的严重问题。本文从 COLREG 规定的良好航海义务的角度回顾了有关自主船舶的文献。作者得出结论，为了促进自主船舶的引入，需要分析 COLREG 提出的应用障碍。带着这个目标，本文从航海实践中提出了一个观点。邀请了四位航海科学家和两名甲板高级船员发表意见。分析表明，COLREG 需要进一步阐述和修正，以消除解释的不确定性。特别是，