There are at least four ways in which Antarctic colonialism was white: it was paradigmatically performed by white men; it consisted in the taking of vast, white expanses of land; it was carried out with acarte blanche(literally, “blank card”) attitude; and it was presented to the world as a white, innocent adventure. While the first, racial whiteness has been amply problematised, I suggest that the last three illuminate yet other moral wrongs of the Antarctic colonial project. Moreover, they might be constitutive of a larger class of “white” colonialisms beyond the White Continent.

中文翻译：

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为白人而存在的大陆？：“白人”殖民主义和 1959 年南极条约

南极殖民主义至少有四种方式是白人：它是由白人典型地执行的；它包括占领广阔的白色土地；它是用一个全权委托（字面意思是“空白卡”）态度；它被呈现给世界作为一个白人，无辜的冒险。虽然第一个种族白人已经被充分质疑，但我建议最后三个阐明南极殖民项目的其他道德错误。此外，它们可能构成了白色大陆之外更大的一类“白人”殖民主义。