We compared temporal changes in the concentration of photoprotective compounds (PCs) in zooplankton of two adjacent (600 m apart) tropical high mountain lakes, El Sol and La Luna. The lakes have the same geological origin, age and drainage basin. However, they differ in underwater light and UV penetration and in the presence of Oncorhynchus mykiss, only found in El Sol. Whereas Daphnia ambigua from the clear La Luna had carotenoids and melanin, in El Sol, the same species lacked pigmentation. The copepod Leptodiaptomus cuauhtemoci was only found in El Sol and relied on accumulation of MAAs and carotenoids. The maximum concentration of PCs was found over the period with highest incident ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Our data suggest that tropical species of zooplankton respond to UVR by accumulating PCs that are too different in relation to exposure to UVR. However, we cannot discard the possibility that the presence of fish in Lake El Sol influences also their phenotypical and behavioral responses. Overall, zooplankton exhibited an ample phenotypic plasticity in the type and concentrations of PCs in response to the high and variable doses of UVR prevailing in low-latitude lakes, similar to the zooplankton of their high-latitude counterparts.

中文翻译：

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两个相邻热带高山湖泊浮游动物中的光保护性化合物，其水下光的气候和鱼类的生长形成对比

我们比较了两个相邻（相距600 m）的热带高山湖泊El Sol和La Luna浮游动物中光保护性化合物（PCs）浓度的时间变化。湖泊具有相同的地质起源，年龄和流域盆地。但是，它们的区别在于水下光和紫外线穿透力以及存在于仅在El Sol中发现的Oncorhynchus mykiss。而水蚤ambigua从明确月光女神有类胡萝卜素和黑色素，在索尔，同一品种缺乏色素沉着。pe足类隐球菌仅在El Sol中发现，并依赖于MAA和类胡萝卜素的积累。在具有最高入射紫外线辐射（UVR）的时间内发现了PC的最大浓度。我们的数据表明，浮游动物的热带物种通过积累相对于暴露于UVR而言差异太大的PC来对UVR做出反应。但是，我们不能放弃埃尔索尔湖中鱼类的存在也影响其表型和行为反应的可能性。总体而言，浮游动物对PC的类型和浓度表现出足够的表型可塑性，以响应低纬度湖泊中普遍存在的高剂量和可变剂量的UVR，这与高纬度湖泊中的浮游动物相似。