The review is devoted to exciton polaritons, short-lived Bose particles which are optically excited in semiconductors and form macroscopically coherent states under conditions of coherent and resonant external driving. The interaction of polaritons results in multistability, spontaneous breaking of spin and spatial symmetries, self-pulsations, and pattern formation. As a result of symmetry breaking, paradoxical 'chimera states' can arise in which ordered and chaotic subsystems coexist and in some way complement each other.

中文翻译：

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激子-极化子系统中的非平衡跃迁，混沌和嵌合态

这篇评论专门讨论激子极化子，短寿命的玻色粒子，它们在半导体中被光学激发并在相干和共振外部驱动的条件下形成宏观相干态。极化子的相互作用导致多重稳定性，自旋和空间对称性的自发断裂，自脉动和图案形成。由于对称性的破坏，可能会出现矛盾的“嵌合体状态”，其中有序子系统和混沌子系统共存并以某种方式相互补充。