Oophorectomy prior to menopause is associated with late-life dementia. Memory decline may start within 6 months after oophorectomy in middle-aged women, suggested by lower verbal and working memory performance. Unknown is whether such changes persist beyond 6 months, and whether they are reversed by estradiol. Short-term benefits of estradiol on verbal memory following oophorectomy were observed in one study, but longer term effects remain unknown. In the present study, middle-aged BRCA1/2 mutation carriers with early oophorectomy at least 1 year prior to study onset were tested on verbal and working memory with results stratified by (1) current estradiol use (n = 22) or (2) no history of estradiol use (n = 24), and compared to age-matched premenopausal controls (n = 25). Both memory abilities were adversely affected by oophorectomy, but only working memory was maintained by estradiol. Estrogen metabolite levels correlated with working memory, suggesting a role for estradiol in preserving this ability. Memory decline appears to persist after early oophorectomy, particularly for women who do not take estradiol.

中文翻译：

---

绝经前双侧输卵管卵巢切除术中年女性痴呆风险的认知标志物

绝经前的卵巢切除术与晚年痴呆症有关。中年女性在卵巢切除术后 6 个月内可能开始出现记忆力下降，这由较低的语言和工作记忆表现表明。尚不清楚这种变化是否会持续超过 6 个月，以及它们是否会被雌二醇逆转。在一项研究中观察到雌二醇对卵巢切除术后语言记忆的短期益处，但长期影响仍然未知。在本研究中，研究开始前至少 1 年进行过早期卵巢切除术的中年 BRCA1/2 突变携带者进行了言语和工作记忆测试，结果按 (1) 当前雌二醇使用情况 (n = 22) 或 (2) 分层无雌二醇使用史 (n = 24)，并与年龄匹配的绝经前对照 (n = 25) 进行比较。两种记忆能力都受到卵巢切除术的不利影响，但雌二醇只维持工作记忆。雌激素代谢物水平与工作记忆相关，表明雌二醇在保持这种能力方面发挥作用。早期卵巢切除术后记忆力下降似乎持续存在，特别是对于不服用雌二醇的女性。