Preterm birth research is poised to explore the mental health of adults born very preterm(VP; <32⁺⁰ weeks gestational age) and/or very low birth weight(VLBW; <1500g) through individual participant data meta-analyses, but first the previous evidence needs to be understood. We systematically reviewed and assessed the quality of the evidence from VP/VLBW studies with mental health symptoms or disorders appearing in adulthood, excluding childhood onset disorders. Participants (≥18 years, born >1970) included VP/VLBW individuals with controls born at term(≥37⁺⁰ weeks) or with normal birth weight(NBW; ≥2500g). Thirteen studies were included. Studies consistently showed an increased risk for psychotropic medication use for VP/VLBW adults in comparison to NBW/term controls, but whether VP/VLBW adults have an increased risk for mental health disorders or symptoms appearing in adulthood remains uncertain. The quality of the evidence was moderate (65.8%) to high (34.2%). Further research in larger samples is needed.

早产研究准备通过个体参与者的数据荟萃分析来探讨早产（VP;小于32 ⁺⁰周胎龄）和/或极低出生体重（VLBW; <1500g）的成年人的心理健康，但首先需要了解先前的证据。我们系统地审查和评估了来自VP / VLBW研究的证据质量，这些研究涉及成年期出现的心理健康症状或疾病，不包括儿童期发病。参加者（≥18岁，出生于> 1970年）包括VP / VLBW个人，其对照是足月出生（≥37 ^+0）周或出生时体重正常（NBW;≥2500g）。包括十三项研究。研究始终显示，与NBW /足月对照组相比，VP / VLBW成人使用精神药物的风险增加，但是VP / VLBW成人是否存在精神健康障碍的风险增加或成年后出现症状仍不确定。证据的质量为中度（65.8％）至高（34.2％）。需要对更大的样本进行进一步的研究。