Military working dogs (MWDs) operate under a wide range of conditions, including hot environments. Predicting how long a MWD can safely work without overheating is important for both health and performance. A Canine Thermal Model (CTM) was developed to predict core temperature (Tc) of MWDs. The CTM calculates heat storage from the balance of heat production from metabolism and heat exchange with the environment. Inputs to the CTM are: meteorological conditions (ambient temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed), physical characteristics of the dog (mass, length), and metabolic activity (MET level, estimated from accelerometer data). The CTM was validated against Tc measured in 23 MWDs during training sessions (11.6 ± 5.0 min (mean ± standard deviation), range 4-26 min) in October (24 °C, 52% RH), March (14 °C, 74% RH), or August (28 °C, 64% RH), and 24 kennel MWDs during a standard exercise walk (11.4 ± 3.3 min, range 5.6-18 min) in July (26 °C, 77% RH). The CTM was considered acceptable if predicted Tc was within ±0.5 °C of measured Tc at the end of exercise. Compared to Tc at the end of training sessions (39.8 ± 0.6 °C, range 38.4-41.1 °C) and exercise walks (40.0 ± 0.7 °C, range 38.9-41.4 °C), the CTM-predicted Tc was within ±0.5 °C for 71 of 84 cases (85%) and 19 of 24 cases (79%), respectively. The mean difference between CTM-predicted and measured final Tc during training was -0.04 ± 0.43 °C, with 80 of 84 cases (95%) within the range of ±2 SD (Bland Altman comparison). During exercise walks the mean difference was -0.15 °C ± 0.57, with 23 of 24 cases (96%) within ±2 SD. These results support the use of the CTM to predict Tc of MWDs for the types of physical activities described above.

中文翻译：

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在劳力性热应变期间预测军用工作犬的核心温度：犬热模型的验证

军用工作犬 (MWD) 在包括炎热环境在内的各种条件下工作。预测 MWD 在不过热的情况下可以安全工作多长时间对健康和性能都很重要。开发了犬热模型 (CTM) 来预测 MWD 的核心温度 (Tc)。CTM 根据代谢产生的热量和与环境的热交换的平衡来计算热量储存。CTM 的输入是：气象条件（环境温度、相对湿度、太阳辐射和风速）、狗的物理特征（质量、长度）和代谢活动（MET 水平，根据加速度计数据估计）。在 10 月（24 °C，52% RH）、3 月（14 °C，74 % RH), 或 8 月（28 °C，64% RH），以及 7 月（26 °C，77% RH）的标准运动步行（11.4 ± 3.3 分钟，范围 5.6-18 分钟）期间的 24 次犬舍 MWD。如果在运动结束时预测的 Tc 在测量的 Tc 的 ±0.5 °C 内，则认为 CTM 是可接受的。与训练结束时的 Tc（39.8 ± 0.6 °C，范围 38.4-41.1 °C）和运动步行（40.0 ± 0.7 °C，范围 38.9-41.4 °C）相比，CTM 预测的 Tc 在 ±0.5 以内84 例中的 71 例 (85%) 和 24 例中的 19 例 (79%) 分别为°C。训练期间 CTM 预测和测量的最终 Tc 之间的平均差异为 -0.04 ± 0.43 °C，84 例中有 80 例 (95%) 在 ±2 SD 的范围内（Bland Altman 比较）。在运动步行期间，平均差异为 -0.15 °C ± 0.57，24 例中有 23 例 (96%) 在 ±2 SD 内。