The regeneration of haploid plantlets is considered as a bottleneck in rice anther culture. In this study, an antimitotic chromosome doubling method, simple and efficient, of androgenic haploid plantlets resulted in an efficient doubled haploid obtainment. Through chromosome doubling capacity comparison of the three antimitotic compounds (colchicine, trifluralin and oryzalin), colchicine at 500 and 625 mg/L without supplementing with DMSO was found to be the best antimitotic treatment, with a chromosome doubling capacity of 40%. Furthermore, the in vitro growth of plantlets was followed to analyse the effects of antimitotic compounds. Colchicine treatments were more toxic than dinitroanilines, and colchicine DMSO‐supplemented treatments had significant lower values on shoot growth. On the other hand, dinitroaniline compounds impeded root growth, provoked helical growth of shoot and caused the apparition of white nodules in the base of the plantlet due to sprouting abortion. In this study, a protocol for doubled haploid plant recovery was established taking advantage from androgenic haploid plantlets in order to increase the number of doubled haploid plantlets produced after an anther culture protocol.

中文翻译：

---

使用抗有丝分裂化合物使水稻雄性单倍体小苗的染色体倍增

单倍体小苗的再生被认为是水稻花药培养的瓶颈。在这项研究中，一种简单有效的抗雄性单倍体单倍体的抗有丝分裂染色体加倍方法导致了有效的双倍单倍体获得。通过比较三种抗有丝分裂化合物（秋水仙碱，三氟拉林和米扎林）的染色体倍增能力，发现不添加DMSO的500和625 mg / L秋水仙碱是最好的抗有丝分裂治疗方法，染色体倍增率为40％。此外，跟踪幼苗的体外生长以分析抗有丝分裂化合物的作用。秋水仙碱处理的毒性比二硝基苯胺大，而补充秋水仙碱DMSO的处理对芽生长的影响明显较低。另一方面，二硝基苯胺化合物阻碍了根的生长，由于发芽流产，引起了芽的螺旋状生长，并在苗根部造成了白色结节的消失。在这项研究中，利用雄激素单倍体苗建立了双倍单倍体植株恢复的方案，以增加在花药培养方案后产生的双倍单倍体苗的数量。