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Effect of Climate Warming and Drought on Urban Stream Temperatures in a Semiarid, Seasonal System
Journal of the American Water Resources Association ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 , DOI: 10.1111/1752-1688.12846
Iris T. Stewart 1 , Meghan K. Engh 1 , Claire P. Parchem 1
Affiliation  

Stream temperatures are key indicators for aquatic ecosystem health, and are of particular concern in highly seasonal, water‐limited regions such as California that provide sensitive habitat for cold‐water species. Yet in many of these critical regions, the combined impacts of a warmer climate and urbanization on stream temperatures have not been systematically studied. We examined recent changes in air temperature and precipitation, including during the recent extreme drought, and compared the stream temperature responses of urban and nonurban streams under four climatic conditions and the 2008–2018 period. Metrics included changes in the magnitude and timing of stream temperatures, and the frequency of exceedance of ecologically relevant thresholds. Our results showed that minimum and average daily air temperatures in the region have increased by >1°C over the past 20 years, warming both urban and nonurban streams. Stream temperatures under drought warmed most (1°C–2°C) in late spring and early fall, effectively lengthening the summer warm season. The frequency of occurrence of periods of elevated stream temperatures was greater during warm climate conditions for both urban and nonurban streams, but urban streams experienced extreme conditions 1.5–2 times as often as nonurban streams. Our findings underscore that systematically monitoring and managing urban stream temperatures under climate change and drought is critically needed for seasonal, water‐limited urban systems.

中文翻译:

半干旱,季节性系统中气候变暖和干旱对城市河流温度的影响

溪流温度是水生生态系统健康的关键指标,在季节性极高,水资源有限的地区(例如加利福尼亚州)尤其令人关注,这些地区为冷水物种提供了敏感的栖息地。然而,在许多关键地区,尚未系统研究气候变暖和城市化对河流温度的综合影响。我们检查了近期气温和降水的变化,包括最近的极端干旱,并比较了四种气候条件和2008-2018年期间城市和非城市河流的温度响应。度量标准包括河流温度的大小和时间变化以及超过生态相关阈值的频率。我们的结果表明,在过去20年中,该地区的最低和平均每日气温升高了> 1°C,从而使城市和非城市小溪都变暖。干旱下的溪流温度在春季末期和初秋最暖(1°C–2°C),从而有效延长了夏季温暖季节。在温暖的气候条件下,城市和非城市河流的河流温度升高时期的发生频率更高,但是城市河流经历的极端条件是非城市河流的1.5-2倍。我们的发现强调,在季节性,水资源有限的城市系统中,迫切需要系统地监视和管理气候变化和干旱下的城市溪流温度。干旱下的溪流温度在春季末期和初秋最暖(1°C–2°C),从而有效延长了夏季温暖季节。在温暖的气候条件下,城市和非城市河流的河流温度升高时期的发生频率更高,但是城市河流经历的极端条件是非城市河流的1.5-2倍。我们的发现强调,在季节性,水资源有限的城市系统中,迫切需要系统地监视和管理气候变化和干旱下的城市溪流温度。干旱下的溪流温度在春季末期和初秋最暖(1°C–2°C),从而有效延长了夏季温暖季节。在温暖的气候条件下,城市和非城市河流的河流温度升高时期的发生频率更高,但城市河流经历的极端条件是非城市河流的1.5–2倍。我们的发现强调,在季节性,水资源有限的城市系统中,迫切需要系统地监视和管理气候变化和干旱下的城市溪流温度。是非城市流的5到2倍。我们的发现强调,在季节性,水资源有限的城市系统中,迫切需要系统地监视和管理气候变化和干旱下的城市溪流温度。是非城市流的5到2倍。我们的发现强调,在季节性,水资源有限的城市系统中,迫切需要系统地监视和管理气候变化和干旱下的城市溪流温度。
更新日期:2020-04-28
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