Collecting data with infants is notoriously difficult. As a result, many of our studies consist of small samples, with only a single measure, in a single age group, at a single time point. With renewed calls for greater academic rigor in data collection practices, using multiple outcome measures in infant research is one way to increase rigor, and, at the same time, enable us to more accurately interpret our data. Here, we illustrate the importance of using multiple measures in psychological research with examples from our own work on rapid threat detection and from the broader infancy literature. First, we describe our initial studies using a single outcome measure, and how this strategy caused us to nearly miss a rich and complex story about attention biases for threat and their development. We demonstrate how using converging measures can help researchers make inferences about infant behavior, and how using additional measures allows us to more deeply examine the mechanisms that drive developmental change. Finally, we provide practical and statistical recommendations for how researchers can use multiple measures in future work.

中文翻译：

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在婴儿研究中使用多种结果测量的重要性。

收集婴儿数据是出了名的困难。因此，我们的许多研究由小样本组成，在单个时间点在单个年龄组中只有一个测量值。随着对数据收集实践的学术严谨性的再次呼吁，在婴儿研究中使用多种结果测量是提高严谨性的一种方法，同时使我们能够更准确地解释我们的数据。在这里，我们通过我们自己在快速威胁检测方面的工作和更广泛的婴儿文献中的例子来说明在心理学研究中使用多种措施的重要性。首先，我们使用单一结果衡量标准描述了我们的初步研究，以及该策略如何导致我们几乎错过了关于威胁及其发展的注意力偏差的丰富而复杂的故事。我们展示了使用收敛度量如何帮助研究人员对婴儿行为进行推断，以及如何使用额外的度量让我们更深入地研究推动发展变化的机制。最后，我们为研究人员如何在未来的工作中使用多种度量提供了实用的统计建议。