Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common and expensive health problem globally. The treatment of UTIs is difficult owing to the onset of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. The aim of this study was to define the incidence of infections, identify the bacteria responsible, and identify the antimicrobial resistance profile. Patients of all ages and both sexes were included in the study, all admitted to University Hospital of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", between January 2017 and December 2018. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and Phoenix BD. Among the 1745 studied patients, 541 (31%) and 1204 (69%) were positive and negative for bacterial growth, respectively. Of 541 positive patients, 325 (60%) were females, while 216 (39.9%) were males. The largest number of positive subjects was recorded in the elderly (>61 years). Among the pathogenic strains, 425 (78.5%) were Gram-negative, 107 (19.7%) were Gram-positive, and 9 (1.7%) were Candida species. The most isolated Gram-negative strain is Escherichia coli (E. coli) (53.5%). The most frequent Gram-positive strain was Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) (12.9%). Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to ampicillin, whereas Gram-positive bacteria were highly resistant to erythromycin.

中文翻译：

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坎帕尼亚大学附属医院“ Luigi Vanvitelli” 2017年至2018年间尿路感染细菌病原菌的发生率和抗菌药敏模式。

泌尿道感染（UTI）是全球最常见和最昂贵的健康问题。由于抗抗生素细菌菌株的出现，难以治疗UTI。这项研究的目的是确定感染的发生率，确定引起细菌的感染，并确定抗药性。所有年龄和性别的患者均纳入研究，所有患者均于2017年1月至2018年12月在坎帕尼亚大学医院“ Luigi Vanvitelli”住院。细菌鉴定和抗生素敏感性测试均采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间进行质谱（MALDI-TOF MS）和Phoenix BD。在1745名接受研究的患者中，细菌生长分别为541（31％）和1204（69％）阳性。在541名阳性患者中，女性325位（60％），男性为2​​16位（39.9％）。记录最多的阳性受试者是老年人（> 61岁）。在致病菌株中，革兰氏阴性的有425（78.5％），革兰氏阳性的有107（19.7％），假丝酵母​​属的有9（1.7％）。最孤立的革兰氏阴性菌株是大肠杆菌（E. coli）（53.5％）。最常见的革兰氏阳性菌株是粪肠球菌（E. faecalis）（12.9％）。革兰氏阴性菌对氨苄青霉素高度耐药，而革兰氏阳性菌对红霉素高度耐药。最孤立的革兰氏阴性菌株是大肠杆菌（E. coli）（53.5％）。最常见的革兰氏阳性菌株是粪肠球菌（E. faecalis）（12.9％）。革兰氏阴性菌对氨苄青霉素高度耐药，而革兰氏阳性菌对红霉素高度耐药。最孤立的革兰氏阴性菌株是大肠杆菌（E. coli）（53.5％）。最常见的革兰氏阳性菌株是粪肠球菌（E. faecalis）（12.9％）。革兰氏阴性菌对氨苄青霉素高度耐药，而革兰氏阳性菌对红霉素高度耐药。