Abstract

Pseudozyma spp. are described as environmental yeasts but have also been identified as rare human pathogens found in immunocompromised patients. This systematic review details the clinical manifestations, diagnostic methodology, and empirical anti-fungal therapy for this rare yeast. PubMed, LILACS, Scielo, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles about Pseudozyma spp. infections from inception to June 2019. Inclusion criteria were any published studies that included patients with Pseudozyma spp. infection. Infections were identified using criteria set forth by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, and were further classified according to clinical, laboratory, or radiologic findings, microbiologic confirmation, and response to therapy. Eleven articles were included with 15 patients. Oncological and/or hematological disorders were the most reported risk factors. Nontraditional microbiological methods correctly identified Pseudozyma spp., whereas traditional methods failed to identify fungal genus. Species were identified by sequencing, and most demonstrated a higher minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) for fluconazole and echinocandins. MICs for itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole varied by species. All isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B, which was the most used treatment.Pseudozyma spp. infections usually present with fever and are diagnosed by blood culture. Most species studied appeared to be resistant to fluconazole and echinocandin. Voriconazole, posaconazole, and amphotericin were effective in treating P. aphidis. However, more studies are needed to evaluate voriconazole and posaconazole in species other than P. aphidis.

中文翻译：

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假单胞菌 人类感染：系统评价。

摘要

Pseudozyma属。被描述为环境酵母，但也被鉴定为免疫功能低下患者中发现的罕见人类病原体。这篇系统综述详细介绍了这种稀有酵母的临床表现，诊断方法和经验性抗真菌治疗。在PubMed，LILACS，Scielo和Web of Science数据库中搜索有关假酶原菌的文章。从感染开始到2019年6月的感染。纳入标准是所有已公布的研究，其中包括假性假冒患者spp。感染。使用欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织提出的标准鉴定感染，然后根据临床，实验室或放射学发现，微生物学确认以及对治疗的反应将感染进一步分类。包括11篇文章，共15例患者。肿瘤和/或血液学疾病是报告最多的危险因素。非传统微生物方法可正确识别假酶spp。，而传统方法无法识别真菌属。通过测序鉴定物种，大多数物种对氟康唑和棘球and素具有更高的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）。伊曲康唑，伏立康唑和泊沙康唑的MIC随物种而异。所有分离株均对两性霉素B敏感，这是最常用的治疗方法。Pseudozyma属。通常由发烧引起的感染，可通过血培养进行诊断。研究的大多数物种似乎对氟康唑和棘皮菌素具有抗性。伏立康唑，泊沙康唑和两性霉素可有效治疗蚜虫。但是，还需要更多的研究来评估除蚜虫以外的物种中的伏立康唑和泊沙康唑。