Among Cryptococcus gattii genotypes, VGII has gained pivotal relevance in epidemiological, clinical and genetic contexts due to its association with several outbreaks in temperate regions and due to the high variability of this genotype. The aim of this study was to compare 25 isolates of C. gattii from the Southeast region of Brazil with previously described isolates from other regions of the country and around the world. Among the 25 isolates, 24 were VGII and one was VGI. All of them were newly identified. Three new allele types (AT) (AT47 for the URA5 locus, AT56 for the LAC1 locus, and AT96 for the IGS1 region) were also described. Compared with other Brazilian isolates, those from the Southeast region presented the greatest haplotype diversity. In general, the regions presented different sequence types (STs), and only nine STs were found in more than one location. GoeBURST analysis showed two large groups among the Brazilian isolates. The largest group consists of 59 STs predominantly from the North and Northeast regions; the other large group includes 57 STs from the Southeast and Midwest regions. In a global context the South American isolates presented the highest genetic diversity (STs = 145, haplotype diversity (Hd) = 0.999 and π = 0.00464), while the African populations showed the lowest genetic diversity (STs = 3, Hd = 0.667 and π = 0.00225). These results confirm that the Brazilian C. gattii VGII population is highly diverse and reinforce the hypothesis of dispersion of this genotype from South America.

中文翻译：

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来自巴西的临床和环境加蒂隐球菌的高遗传变异性。

在Gryptococcus gattii基因型中，由于VGII与温带地区的几次暴发相关，并且由于该基因型的高变异性，在流行病学，临床和遗传背景下，VGII具有举足轻重的意义。这项研究的目的是比较来自巴西东南部地区的25种加迪梭菌和之前描述的来自该国其他地区以及世界各地的菌株。在25种分离株中，有24种是VGII，一种是VGI。所有这些都是新发现的。还描述了三种新的等位基因类型（AT）（URA5基因座为AT47，LAC1基因座为AT56，IGS1区为AT96）。与其他巴西分离株相比，来自东南部地区的分离株表现出最大的单体型多样性。通常，这些区域呈现出不同的序列类型（ST），在一个以上的位置仅发现9个ST。GoeBURST分析显示巴西分离株中有两个大群体。最大的一组包括59个ST，主要来自北部和东北地区。另一大集团包括来自东南部和中西部地区的57个ST。在全球范围内，南美分离株表现出最高的遗传多样性（STs = 145，单倍型多样性（Hd）= 0.999和π= 0.00464），而非洲人群表现出最低的遗传多样性（STs = 3，Hd = 0.667和π = 0.00225）。这些结果证实了巴西加迪小球藻的VGII种群高度多样化，并加强了该基因型从南美散布的假说。最大的一组包括59个ST，主要来自北部和东北地区。另一大集团包括来自东南部和中西部地区的57个ST。在全球范围内，南美分离株表现出最高的遗传多样性（STs = 145，单倍型多样性（Hd）= 0.999和π= 0.00464），而非洲人群表现出最低的遗传多样性（STs = 3，Hd = 0.667和π = 0.00225）。这些结果证实了巴西加迪小球藻的VGII种群高度多样化，并加强了该基因型从南美散布的假说。最大的一组包括59个ST，主要来自北部和东北地区。另一大集团包括来自东南部和中西部地区的57个ST。在全球范围内，南美分离株表现出最高的遗传多样性（STs = 145，单倍型多样性（Hd）= 0.999和π= 0.00464），而非洲人群表现出最低的遗传多样性（STs = 3，Hd = 0.667和π = 0.00225）。这些结果证实了巴西加迪小球藻的VGII种群高度多样化，并加强了该基因型从南美散布的假说。而非洲人口的遗传多样性最低（STs = 3，Hd = 0.667和π= 0.00225）。这些结果证实了巴西加迪小球藻的VGII种群高度多样化，并加强了该基因型从南美散布的假说。而非洲人口的遗传多样性最低（STs = 3，Hd = 0.667和π= 0.00225）。这些结果证实了巴西加迪小球藻的VGII种群高度多样化，并加强了该基因型从南美散布的假说。