Xanthomonas spp. encompass a wide range of plant pathogens that use numerous virulence factors for pathogenicity and fitness in plant hosts. In this Review, we examine recent insights into host-pathogen co-evolution, diversity in Xanthomonas populations and host specificity of Xanthomonas spp. that have substantially improved our fundamental understanding of pathogen biology. We emphasize the virulence factors in xanthomonads, such as type III secreted effectors including transcription activator-like effectors, type II secretion systems, diversity resulting in host specificity, evolution of emerging strains, activation of susceptibility genes and strategies of host evasion. We summarize the genomic diversity in several Xanthomonas spp. and implications for disease outbreaks, management strategies and breeding for disease resistance.

中文翻译：

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黄单胞菌的多样性，毒力和植物-病原体的相互作用。

黄单胞菌属。涵盖了广泛的植物病原体，这些病原体利用多种毒力因子来提高植物宿主的致病性和适应性。在这篇综述中，我们研究了对宿主-病原体共同进化，黄单胞菌种群多样性和黄单胞菌属宿主特异性的最新见解。大大提高了我们对病原体生物学的基本了解。我们强调黄单胞菌中的毒力因子，例如III型分泌的效应子，包括转录激活因子样效应子，II型分泌系统，导致宿主特异性的多样性，新兴菌株的进化，易感基因的激活和宿主逃避的策略。我们总结了几个Xanthomonas spp中的基因组多样性。及其对疾病暴发，管理策略和抗病育种的影响。