Adult tissue stem cells mediate organ homeostasis and regeneration and thus are continually making decisions about whether to remain quiescent, proliferate, or differentiate into mature cell types. These decisions often integrate external cues, such as energy balance and the nutritional status of the organism. Metabolic substrates and byproducts that regulate epigenetic and signaling pathways are now appreciated to have instructive rather than bystander roles in regulating cell fate decisions. In this review, we highlight recent literature focused on how metabolites and dietary manipulations can impact cell fate decisions, with a focus on the regulation of adult tissue stem cells.

成年组织干细胞介导器官的稳态和再生，因此正在不断地决定是否保持静止，增殖或分化为成熟细胞类型。这些决定通常会整合外部线索，例如能量平衡和有机体的营养状况。现在人们认识到调节表观遗传和信号传导途径的代谢底物和副产物在调节细胞命运的决定中具有指导作用，而不是旁观者作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了有关代谢物和饮食控制如何影响细胞命运决定的最新文献，重点是对成人组织干细胞的调节。