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Serological evidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Melanosuchus niger (Spix, 1825) and Caimam crocodilus (Linnaeus, 1758).
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.04.008 Flávia Batista Ferreira 1 , Arlindo Gomes de Macêdo-Júnior 1 , Carolina Salomão Lopes 1 , Murilo Vieira Silva 1 , Eliézer Lucas Pires Ramos 1 , Álvaro Ferreira Júnior 1 , Sérgio Netto Vitaliano 2 , Fernanda Maria Santiago 1 , André Luis Quagliatto Santos 3 , José Roberto Mineo 1 , Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo 1
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.04.008 Flávia Batista Ferreira 1 , Arlindo Gomes de Macêdo-Júnior 1 , Carolina Salomão Lopes 1 , Murilo Vieira Silva 1 , Eliézer Lucas Pires Ramos 1 , Álvaro Ferreira Júnior 1 , Sérgio Netto Vitaliano 2 , Fernanda Maria Santiago 1 , André Luis Quagliatto Santos 3 , José Roberto Mineo 1 , Tiago Wilson Patriarca Mineo 1
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Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan with worldwide prevalence, known to affect a large variety of warm-blooded hosts. However, its ability to induce long-lasting infections in cold-blooded animals remains unclear. The most likely source of infection is through consumption of meat containing tissue cysts or by ingestion of food or water contaminated with oocysts. The current global climate change trend and the progressive degradation of natural habitats are prone to alter the distribution of ectotherm populations over a short period of time, which may favor contact between these animals and the protozoan. In association, alligator meat is considered a delicacy in many regions and its consumption has been previously related to a diversity of foodborne diseases. In that sense, we proposed in this study to search for specific antibodies against T. gondii in serum samples of two common species of alligators from the Brazilian fauna (Melanosuchus niger and Caimam crocodilus). We obtained the serum samples from 84 alligators from the Araguaia region, which were tested by agglutination assays that do not require species-specific secondary antibodies (Modified Agglutination Test - MAT; Indirect Hemagglutination Assay - IHA). From the 84 samples tested, eight (9.5%) were positive by MAT. From those, seven (87.5% of MAT+, 8.3% of the total) were also positive by IHA, reassuring a probable exposure of these animals to the parasite. Direct parasite detection in muscle fragments of one serologically reactive alligator did not yield positive results. Our results provide serological evidence that Brazilian alligators may be exposed to T. gondii and further studies should be performed to elucidate whether alligators are natural hosts of this ubiquitous protozoan parasite.
中文翻译：
黑线虫（Spix，1825）和凯玛鳄（Linnaeus，1758）的弓形虫感染的血清学证据。
弓形虫是世界范围内普遍存在的原生动物，已知会影响多种温血宿主。然而，其在冷血动物中引起持久感染的能力仍不清楚。最可能的感染源是通过食用含有组织囊肿的肉或通过摄入被卵囊污染的食物或水。当前的全球气候变化趋势和自然栖息地的逐步退化易于在短时间内改变外热种群的分布，这可能有利于这些动物与原生动物之间的接触。结合起来，扬子鳄肉在许多地区被认为是美味佳肴，其食用以前与多种食源性疾病有关。从这个意义上讲，我们在这项研究中建议寻找针对T的特异性抗体。来自巴西动物区系（Melanosuchus niger和Caimam crocodilus）的两种常见鳄鱼皮的血清样品中的gondii。我们从阿拉瓜地区的84头短吻鳄中获得了血清样本，这些样本通过了不需要物种特异性二抗的凝集试验（改良凝集试验-MAT；间接血凝试验-IHA）进行了测试。在测试的84个样本中，有8个（9.5％）通过MAT呈阳性。在这些动物中，有七种（占MAT +的87.5％，占总数的8.3％）也被IHA呈阳性，从而确保了这些动物可能接触到该寄生虫。在一种血清学反应性短吻鳄的肌肉碎片中直接寄生虫检测未产生阳性结果。我们的结果提供了血清学证据，表明巴西扬子鳄可能接触了T。
更新日期：2020-04-28
中文翻译：
黑线虫（Spix，1825）和凯玛鳄（Linnaeus，1758）的弓形虫感染的血清学证据。
弓形虫是世界范围内普遍存在的原生动物，已知会影响多种温血宿主。然而，其在冷血动物中引起持久感染的能力仍不清楚。最可能的感染源是通过食用含有组织囊肿的肉或通过摄入被卵囊污染的食物或水。当前的全球气候变化趋势和自然栖息地的逐步退化易于在短时间内改变外热种群的分布，这可能有利于这些动物与原生动物之间的接触。结合起来，扬子鳄肉在许多地区被认为是美味佳肴，其食用以前与多种食源性疾病有关。从这个意义上讲，我们在这项研究中建议寻找针对T的特异性抗体。来自巴西动物区系（Melanosuchus niger和Caimam crocodilus）的两种常见鳄鱼皮的血清样品中的gondii。我们从阿拉瓜地区的84头短吻鳄中获得了血清样本，这些样本通过了不需要物种特异性二抗的凝集试验（改良凝集试验-MAT；间接血凝试验-IHA）进行了测试。在测试的84个样本中，有8个（9.5％）通过MAT呈阳性。在这些动物中，有七种（占MAT +的87.5％，占总数的8.3％）也被IHA呈阳性，从而确保了这些动物可能接触到该寄生虫。在一种血清学反应性短吻鳄的肌肉碎片中直接寄生虫检测未产生阳性结果。我们的结果提供了血清学证据，表明巴西扬子鳄可能接触了T。
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