MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF FACIAL VIBRISSAE IN Chaetophractus vellerosus (MAMMALIA, XENARTHRA, DASYPODIDAE) AND DIFFERENTIAL MECHANOPERCEPTION,Zoology

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MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF FACIAL VIBRISSAE IN Chaetophractus vellerosus (MAMMALIA, XENARTHRA, DASYPODIDAE) AND DIFFERENTIAL MECHANOPERCEPTION
Zoology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125773
Cecilia Mariana Krmpotic ₁ , Pedro Fernando Andrés Laube ₂ , Claudio Gustavo Barbeito ₃ , María Teresa Pombo ₄ , Alejo Carlos Scarano ₅ , Cleopatra Mara Loza ₁ , Alfredo Armando Carlini ₁

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Vibrissae are specialized and complex mechanoreceptor organs present in the skin of most mammals that respond to a diverse mechanical stimuli (e.g. tension, pressure, movement, vibrations) and provide information on distance to the object, its location/orientation, and general characteristics of its surface; also, it may play diverse roles during food acquisition and attacking potential prey. There are scarce papers on the vibrissae of armadillos, only considering their presence/absence and distribution, but no histological analyses have been made. The goal of our contribution is to perform a histological study of the head vibrissae of Chaetophractus vellerosus, identify their morphological features, the tissues that form them, interpret their possible functions, and attempt to link the characteristics with ecological aspects of this species like its digging habits. Our results suggest that Chaetophractus vellerosus possesses two types of vibrissae: macro- and micro-vibrissae. Both types are similar in gross morphology, characterized mainly by an absence of annular sinus and ringwulst, but having a trabecular sinus that extends along the entire length of the follicle; these features might be linked to a reduction of its sensory capacity. Unlike other mammals, the macro-vibrissae are in the genal, anterobital and intermandibular regions, while micro-vibrissae are distributed in the superior labial and mental regions. In addition to size differences, the macro-vibrissae possess intrinsic muscles composed of smooth muscular fibers. The genal macro-vibrissae are very close to each other, with smooth muscle fibers connecting the capsules of adjacent ones (intrinsic muscles). Those from the superior labial and mental (micro-vibrissae), show bundles of striated muscle inserted on their capsules. These muscle fibers would be part of the facial musculature and could be considered as extrinsic muscles. The mobility of these two types of vibrissae must certainly be different, given that the respective muscles (intrinsic and extrinsic) have different origins and innervation. The presence of two types of vibrissae might indicate that these mechanoreceptors have differential perception capacities that would probably be complementary, thus providing more precise information about the environment. The presence of macro-vibrissae in the genal, anteorbital and intermandibular zone would be directly related to the life habits of Chaetophractus vellerosus.

中文翻译：

Chaetophractus vellerosus (MAMMALIA, XENARTHRA, DASYPODidae) 面部触须的形态多样性和不同的机械感知

触须是存在于大多数哺乳动物皮肤中的特殊和复杂的机械感受器器官，可对各种机械刺激（例如张力、压力、运动、振动）做出反应，并提供有关与物体的距离、位置/方向及其一般特征的信息。表面; 此外，它在获取食物和攻击潜在猎物的过程中可能扮演不同的角色。关于犰狳触须的论文很少，只考虑了它们的存在/不存在和分布，但没有进行组织学分析。我们贡献的目标是对 Chaetophractus velerosus 头部触须进行组织学研究，确定它们的形态特征，形成它们的组织，解释它们可能的功能，并试图将这些特征与该物种的生态方面联系起来，比如它的挖掘习性。我们的结果表明 Chaetophractus velerosus 拥有两种类型的触须：大型触须和微型触须。两种类型的大体形态相似，主要特点是没有环状窦和环状窦，但有一个小梁窦，沿着整个卵泡长度延伸；这些特征可能与其感觉能力的降低有关。与其他哺乳动物不同，大触须分布在生殖区、颌前区和颌间区，而微触须分布在上唇区和颏区。除了大小差异外，巨触须还拥有由平滑肌纤维组成的内在肌肉。一般的大触须彼此非常接近，平滑肌纤维连接相邻的胶囊（内在肌肉）。来自上唇和上唇（微触须）的那些，显示出插入其胶囊的横纹肌束。这些肌肉纤维是面部肌肉组织的一部分，可以被认为是外在肌肉。考虑到各自的肌肉（内在和外在）具有不同的起源和神经支配，这两种类型的触须的活动性肯定是不同的。两种触须的存在可能表明这些机械感受器具有不同的感知能力，可能是互补的，从而提供关于环境的更精确的信息。大触须科的存在，

更新日期：2020-06-01

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