There is growing number of studies demonstrating a close relationship between insect gut microbiota and insecticide resistance. However, the contribution of the honey bee gut microbiota to host detoxification ability has yet to be investigated. In order to address this question, we compared the expression of cytochrome P450s (P450s) genes between gut microbiota deficient (GD) workers and conventional gut community (CV) workers and compared the mortality rates and the pesticide residue levels of GD and CV workers treated with thiacloprid or tau‐fluvalinate. Our results showed that gut microbiota promotes the expression of P450 enzymes in the midgut, and the mortality rate and pesticide residue levels of GD workers are significantly higher than those of CV workers. Further comparisons between tetracycline‐treated workers and untreated workers demonstrated that antibiotic‐induced gut dysbiosis leads to attenuated expression of P450s in the midgut. The co‐treatment of antibiotics and pesticides leads to reduced survival rate and a significantly higher amount of pesticide residues in honey bees. Taken together, our results demonstrated that honey bee gut symbiont could contribute to bee health through the modification of the host xenobiotics detoxification pathways and revealed a potential negative impact of antibiotics to honey bee detoxification ability and health.

中文翻译：

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蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）肠道菌群通过调节消化道中P450基因的表达来促进宿主内源性排毒能力。

越来越多的研究表明昆虫肠道菌群与杀虫剂抗药性之间有着密切的关系。然而，蜜蜂肠道菌群对宿主排毒能力的贡献尚待研究。为了解决这个问题，我们比较了肠道菌群不足（GD）工人和常规肠道菌群（CV）工人之间细胞色素P450（P450s）基因的表达，并比较了接受治疗的GD和CV工人的死亡率和农药残留水平与噻虫啉或tau-富氟酸。我们的研究结果表明，肠道菌群可促进中肠P450酶的表达，GD​​工人的死亡率和农药残留水平显着高于CV工人。经四环素治疗的工人与未经治疗的工人的进一步比较表明，抗生素诱导的肠道营养不良会导致中肠P450的表达减弱。抗生素和农药的共同处理导致蜜蜂的存活率降低和农药残留量显着增加。两者合计，我们的结果表明，蜜蜂肠道共生体可以通过修饰宿主异种毒素的解毒途径来促进蜜蜂的健康，并揭示了抗生素对蜜蜂解毒能力和健康的潜在负面影响。