Climate change is proceeding rapidly in high mountain regions worldwide. Rising temperatures will impact insect physiology and associated fitness and will shift populations in space and time, thereby altering community interactions and composition. Shifts in space are expected as insects move upslope to escape warming temperatures and shifts in time will occur with changes in phenology of resident high-elevation insects. Clearly, spatiotemporal shifts will not affect all species equally. Terrestrial insects may have more opportunities than aquatic insects to exploit microhabitats, potentially buffering them from warming. Such responses of insects to warming may also fuel evolutionary change, including hitchhiking of maladaptive alleles and genetic rescue. Together, these considerations suggest a striking restructuring of high-elevation insect communities that remains largely unstudied.

全球高山地区的气候变化正在迅速发展。气温升高将影响昆虫的生理和相关适应性，并改变空间和时间上的种群，从而改变社区之间的相互作用和组成。预计空间会发生变化，因为昆虫会向高处移动，以逃脱升温的影响，并且随着居高海拔昆虫的物候变化，时间也会发生变化。显然，时空变化不会平等地影响所有物种。与水生昆虫相比，陆生昆虫有更多机会利用微生境，从而有可能缓解它们的变暖。昆虫对变暖的这种反应也可能助长进化变化，包括适应不良的等位基因搭便车和基因拯救。一起，