This study examined the effects of food-based social comparisons on hedonic ratings and consumption of a meal. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions in which they were led to believe that they got a worse meal, a better meal, or the same meal as another participant. They then tasted and rated their own meal. Subsequent liking and ad lib food consumption were measured. Participants who were told that another person got a better meal than they did (upward comparison) liked their meal less than if they were told that another person received either the same meal as they did or a worse meal (downward comparison). Similarly, participants who were in the upward comparison condition ate less food than if they were in the control or downward comparison conditions. Consumption was mediated by liking. The results suggest that being told that someone else is eating a meal that is higher or lower in hedonic value than one's own meal induces hedonic contrast and influences liking and consumption.

中文翻译：

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基于食物的社会比较影响喜好和消费。

这项研究检查了基于食物的社会比较对享乐评级和膳食消费的影响。参与者被随机分配到三个实验条件中的一个，在这些条件下，他们被引导相信他们吃了更糟糕的一餐、更好的一餐或与另一名参与者吃同样的饭。然后他们品尝并评价自己的膳食。测量随后的喜好和随意食物消耗。被告知另一个人比他们吃得更好（向上比较）的参与者更不喜欢他们的膳食，而不是被告知另一个人接受了与他们相同的膳食或更差的膳食（向下比较）。同样，处于向上比较条件下的参与者比处于对照或向下比较条件下的参与者吃得更少。消费以喜好为中介。