Abstract This paper presents a simple and fast method for the determination of major and minor elements in iron, manganese, ferromanganese, nickel‑copper sulfide ores and oceanic ferromanganese nodules by total-reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF). The preparation of suspension from 5 mL of 1% Triton solution and 20 mg of fine powder with a median particle size of less than 10 μm was used as a sample preparation strategy for direct TXRF analysis. Quantification of elements was performed by the internal standard method. Critical sample mass when the sample could be considered ‘thin’ was calculated for various matrices using Ga as an internal standard. The influence of sampling, particle size, and the internal standard distribution on the reproducibility of the analysis was evaluated. For ore powders with low wettability, preliminarily drying the powder mixed with Ga solution is recommended to increase the uniformity of the distribution of the internal standard. Accuracy was evaluated for S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb in ores and nodules and for V, Co, Ni, Sr, Y and As in nodules. TXRF provides fast determination of some major and minor elements in ores and nodules; however, the determination of low levels of elements in the ore matrix can only be considered semi-quantitative.

中文翻译：

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全反射 X 射线荧光光谱法作为矿石直接元素分析的工具：应用于铁、锰、铁锰、镍铜硫化物矿石和铁锰结核

摘要 本文提出了一种采用全反射 X 射线荧光光谱法 (TXRF) 测定铁、锰、锰铁、镍铜硫化矿和大洋铁锰结核中的主要和次要元素的简单快速方法。使用 5 mL 1% Triton 溶液和 20 mg 中值粒径小于 10 μm 的细粉制备悬浮液作为直接 TXRF 分析的样品制备策略。元素定量采用内标法。当样品被认为是“薄的”时，临界样品质量是使用 Ga 作为内标为各种基质计算的。评估了采样、粒径和内标分布对分析重现性的影响。对于润湿性低的矿粉，建议将混合了 Ga 溶液的粉末预先干燥，以增加内标分布的均匀性。对矿石和结核中的 S、K、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn 和 Pb 以及结核中的 V、Co、Ni、Sr、Y 和 As 的精度进行了评估。TXRF 可快速测定矿石和结核中的一些主要和次要元素；然而，矿石基质中低含量元素的测定只能被认为是半定量的。