Climate change will increase the temperature of rivers and will lead to more extreme events, such as floods. Temperature increases and floods will likely alter the phenology of freshwater species differently and have the potential to significantly disturb prey–predator interactions. In spring, an increase in temperature triggers an increase in primary production and controls the timing of the emergence in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.). Hydrology regulates the abundance of invertebrates, which are the main food source for newborn alevins. As such, climate change may desynchronise the relationship between fish emergence and invertebrate production, resulting in a negative impact on the performance of newly emerged alevins. In the present study, we quantified the abundance of invertebrates and the performance (survival and growth) of newborn alevins in early spring (March) compared to late spring (April/May) in 8 enclosures in a semi‐natural channel. In addition, we simulated a flood in 4 enclosures in late spring. Our results revealed that survival and growth of alevins in early spring were limited due to low invertebrate abundance. In late spring, there was a decrease in the survival of alevins placed in the flooded enclosures, likely due to the reduction of food availability. However, the growth of survivors increased, probably because of the increase in the abundance of Chironomidae after the flood and a reduced competition between congeners. Our results demonstrate that when emergence and flooding happen simultaneously, they can limit resources which will impact the survival and growth of young salmonids in running waters.

中文翻译：

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春季与洪水发生时的食物供应量和初次服用的鱼粉的性能比较

气候变化将增加河流的温度，并导致更多的极端事件，例如洪水。温度升高和洪水可能会改变淡水物种的物候，并有可能显着干扰猎物与食肉动物之间的相互作用。在春季，温度升高会触发初级生产的增加，并控制褐鳟（Salmo truttaL.）。水文学可以调节无脊椎动物的数量，而无脊椎动物是新生鱼蛋白的主要食物来源。因此，气候变化可能使鱼类出产与无脊椎动物生产之间的关系失去同步性，从而对新出现的鱼蛋白的性能产生负面影响。在本研究中，我们在半自然通道的8个围栏中量化了早春（3月）与晚春（4月/ 5月）相比，无脊椎动物的丰富度以及新生alevins的性能（生存和生长）。此外，我们在春末模拟了4个围墙的洪水。我们的研究结果表明，由于无脊椎动物的丰度较低，初春时Alevins的存活和生长受到限制。在春季末期，淹没在围场中的鱼精的存活率下降，可能是由于粮食供应​​减少。但是，幸存者的增长有所增加，这可能是由于洪水后手足科的数量增加以及同类人之间的竞争减少了。我们的结果表明，当突发事件和洪水同时发生时，它们会限制资源，这将影响流水中幼鲑的生存和生长。