Abstract Mitotic division maintains genetic identity of any multicellular organism throughout an entire lifetime. Each time a parent cell divides, chromosomes are equally distributed between the daughter cells due to the action of mitotic spindle. Mitotic spindle is formed by the microtubules that represent dynamic polymers of tubulin protein. Spindle microtubules are attached end-on to kinetochores – large multi-protein complexes on chromosomes. This review focuses on the four-subunit NDC80 complex, one of the most important kinetochore elements that plays a major role in the attachment of assembling/disassembling microtubule ends to the chromosomes. Here, we summarize published data on the structure, properties, and regulation of the NDC80 complex and discuss possible relationship between changes in the expression of genes coding for the NDC80 complex components, mitotic disorders, and oncogenesis with special emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of NDC80.

中文翻译：

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蛋白质复合物 NDC80：特性、功能和在细胞分裂病理生理学中的可能作用

摘要 有丝分裂在整个生命周期中保持任何多细胞生物的遗传同一性。每次母细胞分裂时，由于有丝分裂纺锤体的作用，染色体在子细胞之间平均分布。有丝分裂纺锤体由代表微管蛋白动态聚合物的微管形成。纺锤体微管末端连接到动粒——染色体上的大型多蛋白复合物。本综述重点关注四亚基 NDC80 复合体，它是最重要的动粒元件之一，在组装/拆卸微管末端与染色体的连接中起主要作用。在这里，我们总结了有关结构、性质、