Objectives: To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of ADHD medications on adverse driving outcomes in teenage drivers with ADHD. Method: We retrospectively followed 15- to 20-year-old ADHD patients with valid driver's license to compare the risk for crashes and citations between periods with and without ADHD medication use, using Florida Medicaid records linked to Department of Motor Vehicles data from 1999 to 2004. Patient-level demographic, clinical, and driver licensing characteristics as well as county-level crash and traffic statistics were adjusted in Cox models. Results: A total of 2,049 patients had 67 crashes and 319 citations. Adjusted hazard ratios comparing ADHD medication use versus no use were 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.66, 1.90]) and 0.89 (95% CI = [0.69, 1.13]) for crashes and citations, respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed no evidence that ADHD medication use was associated with a reduced risk of adverse driving outcomes among teenage drivers enrolled in Medicaid programs. Limitations in interpreting this finding are presented.

中文翻译：

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多动症的药物使用以及青少年驾驶员中驾驶引证和撞车的风险：一项基于人群的队列研究。

目的：评估 ADHD 药物对 ADHD 青少年驾驶员不良驾驶结果的真实效果。方法：我们使用佛罗里达州医疗补助记录与 1999 至2004. 在 Cox 模型中调整了患者级别的人口统计学、临床和驾驶执照特征以及县级碰撞和交通统计数据。结果：共有 2,049 名患者发生了 67 次撞车事故和 319 次引文。比较 ADHD 药物使用与不使用的调整后风险比分别为 1.22（95% 置信区间 [CI] = [0.66, 1.90]）和 0.89（95% CI = [0.69, 1.13]）。结论：我们的研究表明，没有证据表明 ADHD 药物的使用与参加医疗补助计划的青少年司机的不良驾驶结果风险降低有关。介绍了解释这一发现的局限性。