The persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic properties of certain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) raise concerns for environmental and human health. This has led to the gradual phase-out from production and commerce of some legacy PFAS. Fluoroalkylether compounds (ether-PFAS) are among the fluorinated alternative chemicals that are beginning to be reported in impacted and background environments. Extensive monitoring activities were conducted since 2015–2019 to bridge knowledge gaps on the environmental fate and effects of ether-PFAS including F-53B (6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate [6:2 Cl-PFAES] and 8:2 Cl-PFAES), Gen-X (hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid [HFPO-DA]), and ADONA (dodecafluoro-3H-4,8-dioxanonanoate). In recent years, advances in nontarget screening using high-resolution mass spectrometry have revealed the identities of other infrequently monitored ether-PFAS. In this critical review, we provide an up-to-date inventory of the structures of ether-PFAS discovered in the recent literature. Their environmental occurrence, fate, and effects are discussed on a comparative perspective with some legacy PFAS such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Information on the methods employed for the quantitative and semi-quantitative analysis of ether-PFAS is also provided, including sample preparation and mass spectrometry analysis, analytical performance, and limitations. In particular, the compiled database of MS/MS fragment ions (n = 111) can be useful in spectrum interpretation of novel ether-PFAS. The concluding remarks open on possible research avenues and the challenges that remain to be addressed.

某些全氟烷基物质和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）的持久性，生物蓄积性和毒性性质引起了环境和人类健康的关注。这导致某些传统PFAS的生产和商业逐步淘汰。氟代烷基醚化合物（醚-PFAS）属于氟化替代化学物质，在受影响和背景环境中已开始被报道。自2015-2019年以来，开展了广泛的监测活动，以弥合关于醚-PFAS的环境命运和影响的知识差距，包括F-53B（6：2氯化多氟烷基醚磺酸盐[6：2 Cl-PFAES]和8：2 Cl-PFAES ），Gen-X（六氟环氧丙烷二聚酸[HFPO-DA]）和ADONA（十二氟-3H-4,8-​​二氧杂壬酸酯）。最近几年，使用高分辨率质谱技术进行非目标筛选的最新进展揭示了其他不经常监测的醚-PFAS的身份。在这篇重要的评论中，我们提供了最新文献中发现的以太-PFAS结构的最新清单。与一些传统的PFAS（例如全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS））以比较的角度讨论了它们的环境发生，命运和影响。还提供了有关醚-PFAS定量和半定量分析所用方法的信息，包括样品制备和质谱分析，分析性能和局限性。特别是，MS / MS碎片离子（n = 111）的已编译数据库可用于新型醚-PFAS的光谱解释。