Porous carbons (PCs) for supercapacitors were synthesized by a combined Mg(OH)₂ templating and in-situ KOH activation method using coal tar pitch as the carbon precursor, and were characterized by TEM, Raman spectroscopy, XPS and N₂ adsorption. Their electrochemical properties were investigated by galvanostatic charge-discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Results show that the specific surface area of the PCs increases with the KOH dosage and exhibits a maximum with an activation temperature at 800 °C. The optimum PC has a high surface area up to 3 145 m² g⁻¹ with abundant micropores, and exhibits a high specific capacitance of 272 F·g⁻¹ at 0.05 A·g⁻¹, a rate capability of 217 F·g⁻¹ at 20 A·g⁻¹ and a good cycle stability with a 96.69% capacitance retention after 10000 cycles in a 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte. This work provides a simple method for the large-scale production of PCs from pitch-based carbon sources for high-performance supercapacitors.

以煤焦油沥青为碳前驱体，通过Mg（OH）₂模板和原位KOH活化法相结合，合成了超级电容器用多孔碳（PCs），并通过TEM，拉曼光谱，XPS和N ₂吸附进行了表征。通过恒电流充放电，电化学阻抗谱和循环伏安法研究了它们的电化学性能。结果表明，PC的比表面积随KOH剂量的增加而增加，并在800°C的活化温度下表现出最大值。最佳的PC具有高达3 145 m ² g ^-1的高表面积，并具有丰富的微孔，并且在0.05 A·g ^{-1的条件下}具有272 F·g ^-1的高比电容。在6 mol / L KOH电解质中，在20 A·g ^-1下的速率能力为217 F·g ^-1，在10000次循环后具有良好的循环稳定性和96.69％的电容保持率。这项工作为从沥青基碳源大规模生产PC到高性能超级电容器提供了一种简单的方法。