Rapid long-runout landslide is a hot topic in the field of landslide researches. Many researchers have proposed different models and hypotheses to explain the superfluidity of long-runout landslides. In this paper, the mechanism of sliding surface weakening caused by particle breakage is studied. Particle breakage can not only cause the excess pore water pressure but also weaken the friction coefficient of the sliding surface. These two factors are both the causes of the superfluidity of the landslide induced by particle breakage. In addition, the evolutions of breakage potential and excess pore water pressure are coupled into landslide dynamic equations to simulate how the particle characteristics such as porosity, crushing hardness, and particle shape influence the landslide fluidity. During sliding process, the numerical results indicate that the breakage potential of sliding surface decreases nonlinearly with time, the excess pore water pressure generated by particle breakage increases first and then decreases nonlinearly, and the effective friction coefficient decreases nonlinearly with time and tends to a residual value.

中文翻译：

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假设土壤连续体在斜面上移动时颗粒破碎对滑动面摩擦影响的模拟

快速长径流滑坡是滑坡研究领域的一个热点。许多研究人员提出了不同的模型和假设来解释长期滑坡的超流动性。本文对颗粒破碎导致滑动面弱化的机理进行了研究。颗粒破碎不仅会引起超孔隙水压力，还会削弱滑动面的摩擦系数。这两个因素都是颗粒破碎引起滑坡超流的原因。此外，破裂潜力和超孔隙水压力的演变耦合到滑坡动力学方程中，以模拟孔隙度、压碎硬度和颗粒形状等颗粒特征如何影响滑坡流动性。在滑动过程中，