Sepsis is a lethal syndrome with multiple organ failure caused by an inappropriate host response to infection. Cardiac dysfunction is one of the important complications of sepsis, termed sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD), which is characterized by systolic and diastolic dysfunction of both sides of the heart. Mechanisms that contribute to SIMD include an excessive inflammatory response, altered circulatory, microvascular status, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis impairment, endothelial dysfunction, disorders of calcium regulation, cardiac autophagy anomaly, autonomic nervous system dysregulation, metabolic reprogramming, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction, which is characterized by structural abnormalities, increased oxidative stress, abnormal opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial uncoupling, and disordered quality control systems, has been gaining increasing attention as a central player in the pathophysiology of SIMD. The disruption of homeostasis within the organism induced by mitochondrial dysfunction may also be an important aspect of SIMD development. In addition, an emerging therapy strategy targeting mitochondria, namely, metabolic resuscitation, seems promising. The current review briefly introduces the mechanism of SIMD, highlights how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to SIMD, and discusses the role of metabolic resuscitation in the treatment of SIMD.

中文翻译：

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脓毒症诱发的心肌功能障碍 (SIMD)：针对线粒体的病理生理机制和治疗策略。

脓毒症是一种致命的综合征，由宿主对感染的不适当反应引起的多器官衰竭。心功能不全是脓毒症的重要并发症之一，称为脓毒症诱发的心肌功能障碍（SIMD），其特点是心脏两侧收缩和舒张功能障碍。导致 SIMD 的机制包括过度炎症反应、改变的循环、微血管状态、一氧化氮 (NO) 合成障碍、内皮功能障碍、钙调节障碍、心脏自噬异常、自主神经系统失调、代谢重编程和线粒体功能障碍。线粒体功能障碍的作用，其特点是结构异常，氧化应激增加，线粒体通透性转换孔（mPTP）异常开放，作为 SIMD 病理生理学的核心参与者，线粒体解偶联和无序的质量控制系统越来越受到关注。线粒体功能障碍引起的生物体内稳态的破坏也可能是 SIMD 发展的一个重要方面。此外，一种新兴的针对线粒体的治疗策略，即代谢复苏，似乎很有希望。本综述简要介绍了 SIMD 的发生机制，重点介绍了线粒体功能障碍对 SIMD 的影响，并讨论了代谢复苏在 SIMD 治疗中的作用。线粒体功能障碍引起的生物体内稳态的破坏也可能是 SIMD 发展的一个重要方面。此外，一种新兴的针对线粒体的治疗策略，即代谢复苏，似乎很有希望。本综述简要介绍了 SIMD 的发生机制，重点介绍了线粒体功能障碍对 SIMD 的影响，并讨论了代谢复苏在 SIMD 治疗中的作用。线粒体功能障碍引起的生物体内稳态的破坏也可能是 SIMD 发展的一个重要方面。此外，一种新兴的针对线粒体的治疗策略，即代谢复苏，似乎很有希望。本综述简要介绍了 SIMD 的发生机制，重点介绍了线粒体功能障碍对 SIMD 的影响，并讨论了代谢复苏在 SIMD 治疗中的作用。