Background

Consumption and production of olive oils have been increasing steadily worldwide mainly due to proven health benefits and sensorial characteristics of olive oil. At the same time, rising demand makes it harder to protect olive oil genuineness; therefore, inauthentic products have been always a serious problem in olive oil industry.

Scope and approach

Some minor compounds such as pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) including their derivatives pyropheophytins (PPPs), diacylglycerols (DAGs) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) are all prominent compounds with their discriminatory and descriptive properties. Among several different approaches, use of these components to differentiate genuine and adulterated olive oils could be a promising choice since it is harder to mimic these compounds in fake mixtures. Recent studies focus on these compounds as authentication and quality tools for olive oil and potential of these compounds are aimed to be reviewed.

Key findings and conclusions

Results from literature indicated that these parameters could be used in both authenticity and quality determination of olive oils with some limitations. Pigments were found to be more promising in geographical and/or varietal classification. All of the discussed components have successful applications in determination of olive oil quality with respect to storage history and oil grades. However, in detection of certain types of adulteration techniques such as soft deodorization, reviewed parameters did not work effectively alone. Regulations could be updated with these findings and use of combined parameters including discussed compounds could be further investigated for unsolved authentication problems.

中文翻译：

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一些次要化合物在橄榄油真实性和品质中的重要性

背景

世界范围内，橄榄油的消费和生产一直在稳步增长，这主要归功于已证明的健康益处和橄榄油的感官特性。同时，不断增长的需求使保护橄榄油的真实性变得更加困难。因此，假冒产品一直是橄榄油行业的一个严重问题。

范围和方法

一些较小的化合物，例如颜料（叶绿素和类胡萝卜素），包括其衍生物焦脱镁叶绿素（PPPs），二酰基甘油（DAGs）和脂肪酸乙酯（FAEEs），都是具有显着性和描述性的突出化合物。在几种不同的方法中，使用这些成分来区分真正的和掺假的橄榄油可能是一个有前途的选择，因为很难在假混合物中模仿这些化合物。最近的研究集中在这些化合物作为橄榄油的认证和质量工具，并且将对这些化合物的潜力进行综述。

主要发现和结论

文献结果表明，这些参数可以用于橄榄油的真实性和质量测定中，但有一定的局限性。发现颜料在地理和/或品种分类上更有前途。关于存储历史和油品等级，所有讨论的成分都已成功应用于确定橄榄油质量。但是，在检测某些类型的掺假技术（例如软除臭）时，复查的参数不能单独有效地工作。可以根据这些发现来更新法规，并可以进一步研究包括讨论的化合物在内的组合参数的使用，以解决未解决的认证问题。