Background

Tabernaemontana alternifolia root is traditionally used and practiced among few Indian tribes as an antidote for snakebites.

Objective

To combat and neutralize Naja naja venom using methanolic root extract of Tabernaemontana alternifolia and to explore its efficacy on venom biomarkers in search of newer herbal antidote or first-aid-point of care for therapeutics.

Materialization.

Pharmacological activities such as fibrinogenolytic, direct and indirect hemolytic activities for the neutralization of the venom were evaluated. Lethal toxicity annulation studies were performed using the murine model by pre-incubation and post-treatment protocols. Further, the neutralization of edema and myotoxicity were also evaluated.

Results

Electrophoretic analysis revealed that the complete neutralization of fibrinogen degradation was observed at 1:10 (w/w) (venom to extract). T. alternifolia exhibited an effective dose (ED₅₀) value of 87.20 µg/mL for venom-induced hemolysis. Venom at 2 µg concentration produced 11 mm of hemolytic radiance and was neutralized at 1:20 (w/w) venom to extract concentration. The survival time and the neurotoxic symptoms in mice were concluded to be delayed by both the methods of lethal toxicity inhibition using methanol extract. The edema ratio reduced the venom to extract ratio of 1:20 (w/w) from 173 ± 45% to 133.61% when subjected to 5 µg of venom concentration. The plant extract significantly neutralized the myotoxic activity.

Conclusion

T. alternifolia methanolic root extract could be a potent contributor in the effective treatment of N. naja venom-induced toxicity.

中文翻译：

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Tabernaemontana alternifolia 对 Naja naja 毒液的体外和体内抑制作用。

背景

Tabernaemontana alternifolia根传统上在少数印第安部落中用作蛇咬伤的解毒剂。

客观的

使用互叶菊的甲醇根提取物对抗和中和眼镜蛇毒，并探索其对毒液生物标志物的功效，以寻找更新的草药解毒剂或急救护理点。

物化。

评价了用于中和毒液的药理活性，例如纤维蛋白原溶解、直接和间接溶血活性。使用鼠模型通过预孵育和后处理方案进行致死毒性环化研究。此外，还评估了水肿的中和和肌毒性。

结果

电泳分析表明，在 1:10 (w/w) 时观察到纤维蛋白原降解的完全中和（毒液提取）。T. alternifolia对毒液诱导的溶血表现出 87.20 µg/mL 的有效剂量 (ED _{50 ) 值。}2 µg 浓度的毒液产生 11 mm 的溶血辐射，并在 1:20 (w/w) 毒液中和以提取浓度。使用甲醇提取物抑制致死毒性的两种方法都可以延迟小鼠的存活时间和神经毒性症状。当毒液浓度为 5 µg 时，水肿比将 1:20 (w/w) 的毒液提取比从 173 ± 45% 降低到 133.61%。植物提取物显着中和了肌毒活性。

结论

T. alternifolia甲醇根提取物可能是有效治疗N. naja毒液引起的毒性的有效贡献者。