Abstract Locally managed marine areas (LMMAs) are increasingly recognised as a key strategy for small-scale fisheries management across the Indo-Pacific. When effective, LMMAs can encourage responsible fishing, strengthen compliance and improve adaptive capacity, and may help to safeguard food security, address coastal poverty and increase resource sustainability. However, evidence that LMMAs can achieve long-term biological goals is limited. Here, we used a six-year dataset and a before-after-control-impact sampling design to assess the biological effectiveness of five community-managed no take zones (CMNTZs) situated within the Velondriake LMMA in southwest Madagascar. Linear mixed-effect models revealed that the difference in biomass between control and reserve sites increased over time. Significant differences in biomass between CMNTZs and controls were only evident from year two onwards, with 189% more total biomass in CMNTZs than fished control sites by year six. There was no effect of CMNTZs on the biomass of fish families preferentially targeted by the local fishery, limiting the long-term fisheries benefits of this reserve network unless individual CMNTZs are made larger to accommodate the home ranges of fishery targeted families. There were however, reserve effects preventing the decline of untargeted fish families and species richness. Importantly, these CMNTZs delivered a conservation benefit that rivals government-run NTZs in the region, against a backdrop of severe biomass depletion, coastal poverty and human dependence on fishing - illustrating their suitability as a solution to marine resource depletion in developing tropical countries.

中文翻译：

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社区管理的禁捕区内的珊瑚鱼生物量恢复

摘要 地方管理的海域 (LMMA) 越来越被认为是整个印太地区小规模渔业管理的关键战略。如果有效，LMMA 可以鼓励负责任的捕捞、加强合规性和提高适应能力，并可能有助于保障粮食安全、解决沿海贫困问题和提高资源可持续性。然而，LMMA 可以实现长期生物学目标的证据是有限的。在这里，我们使用了一个为期六年的数据集和一个前后控制影响抽样设计来评估位于马达加斯加西南部 Velondriake LMMA 内的五个社区管理的禁区 (CMNTZ) 的生物有效性。线性混合效应模型显示，对照点和保留点之间的生物量差异随着时间的推移而增加。CMNTZs 和对照之间生物量的显着差异仅从第二年开始就很明显，到第六年，CMNTZs 的总生物量比捕捞控制点多 189%。CMNTZs 对当地渔业优先瞄准的鱼类家庭的生物量没有影响，限制了该保护区网络的长期渔业收益，除非将单个 CMNTZs 做得更大以适应渔业目标家庭的家庭范围。然而，储备效应阻止了非目标鱼类家族和物种丰富度的下降。重要的是，在生物质严重枯竭的背景下，这些 CMNTZ 提供了可与该地区政府运营的 NTZ 相媲美的保护效益，