Mushrooms, berries and other Non-Wood Forest Products (NWFPs) are an important part of forest recreation, rural income and of cultural heritage. Due to poor data on their collection and use, they are often ignored in forest policy and management decisions, which could impair those livelihoods that depend on NWFPs as an income source. We conducted a survey involving 17,346 respondents from 28 European countries to estimate which and how much of these products are collected. Our results show that 26% of European households collect NWFPs and that collection rates and quantities increase from Western to Eastern Europe. Previous studies focused mainly on marketed NWFPs, but our findings suggest that marketed NWFPs represent only a small share and that 86% of the collected weight is self-consumed. The total value of NWFPs collected each year amounts to 71% of the value of annual roundwood production, much more than previously estimated. Our results point to the need to consider co-production of wood and NWFPs, especially in Central Europe where their value per hectare is the highest.

中文翻译：

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欧洲的非木材林产品——定量概述

蘑菇、浆果和其他非木材林产品 (NWFP) 是森林娱乐、农村收入和文化遗产的重要组成部分。由于有关其收集和使用的数据不足，它们在森林政策和管理决策中经常被忽视，这可能损害依赖非木材林产品作为收入来源的生计。我们进行了一项调查，涉及来自 28 个欧洲国家的 17,346 名受访者，以估计收集了哪些产品以及收集了多少。我们的结果表明，26% 的欧洲家庭收集非木材林产品，并且收集率和数量从西欧到东欧都有所增加。以前的研究主要集中在已上市的 NWFP，但我们的研究结果表明，已上市的 NWFP 只占很小的份额，并且 86% 的收集重量是自己消耗的。每年收集的非木材林产品总价值占年度圆木产量的 71%，远高于先前的估计。我们的结果表明需要考虑联合生产木材和非木材林产品，特别是在每公顷价值最高的中欧。