There is a growing need for resilience in dealing with unexpected events during disasters. The purpose of this review was to summarize and synthesize the literature that examined resilience in the context of emergency management (EM). Four groups of findings were synthesized: definitions, key dimensions, technical tools, and research settings employed in the research. First, definitions of resilience, improvisation, and adaptation were summarized and critically evaluated. Second, four key dimensions of EM resilience were identified: collective sensemaking, team decision making, harmonizing work-as-imagined and work-as-done, and interaction and coordination. Third, this review identified five prevalent technical tools used to enhance resilience in EM: mapmaking, event history logging, mobile communication applications, integrated information management system, and decision support tools. Fourth, two major design features of emergency simulations, incident scenarios and participant roles, are evaluated. For each finding, directions for future research efforts to improve resilience in EM are proposed.

在应对灾难期间的突发事件时，人们越来越需要弹性。这篇综述的目的是总结和综合研究应急管理（EM）背景下的应变能力的文献。综合了四组发现：定义，关键维度，技术工具和研究中使用的研究设置。首先，总结并严格评估了弹性，即兴创作和适应的定义。其次，确定了EM弹性的四个关键维度：集体意识，团队决策，协调按想象的工作和按完成的工作以及交互和协调。第三，此审查确定了用于增强EM弹性的五种流行技术工具：地图制作，事件历史记录，移动通信应用，集成的信息管理系统和决策支持工具。第四，评估了紧急情况模拟的两个主要设计特征，即事件场景和参与者角色。对于每个发现，都提出了未来研究工作的方向，以提高EM的弹性。