Background As possible sources of natural bioactive molecules, the plant essential oils and extracts have been used globally in new antimicrobial compounds, food preservatives, and alternatives to treat infectious disease. Methods In this research, the antimicrobial activities of chloroformic and methanolic extracts of Sophora flavescens, Rhaponticum repens, Alhagi maurorum, Melia azedarach, Peganum harmala, and Juncus conglomeratus were evaluated against 8 bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis, R. toxicus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, P. syringae, X. campestris, P. viridiflava) and 3 fungi (Pyricularia oryzae, Fusarium oxysporum and Botrytis cinerea), through disc diffusion method. Furthermore, the essential oils of plants with the highest antibacterial activity were analyzed utilizing GC/MS. Moreover, the tested plants were exposed to screening for possible antioxidant effect utilizing DPPH test, guaiacol peroxidas, and catalase enzymes. Besides, the amount of total phenol and flavonoid of these plants was measured. Results Among the tested plants, methanolic and chloroformic extracts of P. harmala fruits showed the highest antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. Besides, the investigation of free radical scavenging effects of the tested plants indicated the highest DPPH, protein, guaiacol peroxidase, and catalase in P. harmala, M. azedarach, J. conglomeratus fruits, and J. conglomeratus fruits, respectively. In addition, the phytochemical analysis demonstrated the greatest amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid compositions in J. conglomeratus and P. harmala, respectively. Conclusion The results indicated that these plants could act as a promising antimicrobial agent, due to their short killing time.

中文翻译：

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对伊朗北部 6 种重要药用植物的氯仿和甲醇提取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性的研究。


背景 作为天然生物活性分子的可能来源，植物精油和提取物已在全球范围内用于新型抗菌化合物、食品防腐剂和治疗传染病的替代品。方法 在这项研究中，评估了苦参、白大戟、骆驼刺、苦楝、骆驼蓬和灯芯草的氯仿和甲醇提取物对 8 种细菌（金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、有毒立克次体、 P. aeruginosa、E. coli、P. syringae、X. Campestris、P. viridiflava）和 3 种真菌（Pyrularia oryzae、Fusarium oxysporum 和 Botrytis cinerea），通过纸片扩散法。此外，还利用 GC/MS 分析了抗菌活性最高的植物精油。此外，还利用 DPPH 测试、愈创木酚过氧化物和过氧化氢酶对受试植物进行可能的抗氧化作用筛选。此外，还测定了这些植物的总酚和黄酮类化合物的含量。结果在受试植物中，骆驼蓬果实的甲醇和氯仿提取物对受试细菌的抗菌活性最高。此外，对受试植物自由基清除作用的研究表明，骆驼蓬、苦楝、聚果和聚果分别具有最高的DPPH、蛋白质、愈创木酚过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶。此外，植物化学分析表明，J. conglomeratus 和 P.harmala 中的总酚类和类黄酮成分含量最高。结论 结果表明，这些植物由于杀灭时间短，可以作为一种有前途的抗菌剂。