More than one fourth of primary caregivers report clinically significant distress during the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) process. Providing early support to primary caregivers could reduce caregiver distress and improve the quality of life. This study examined the effects of a three-stage caregiver support intervention designed to reduce caregiver distress and improve quality of life during pediatric HSCT hospitalization. A two-group comparative study was conducted with repeated measures. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received the support intervention 5 days before the transplant, 14 days after transplant, and 1 week before hospital discharge. The control group received standard support provided in the hospital ward. Measures were obtained at all three time points from self-report questionnaires, which were related to anxiety, depression, perceived stress, and quality of life. Findings indicated that primary caregivers in the intervention group (n = 22) reported significantly lower levels of perceived stress and higher levels of quality of life than the control group (n = 23) at 14 days after transplant. In the intervention group, caregiver distress significantly decreased from pretransplant through 14 days after transplant, while over the same period caregiver quality of life significantly increased. The intervention effectively changed the trend of distress and quality of life for caregivers of children during the process of HSCT and hospitalization. The findings of this study suggest that it is important to provide early targeted interventions at critical junctures for caregivers at risk of adverse outcomes.

中文翻译：

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三阶段干预在减少小儿造血干细胞移植期间照顾者的痛苦方面的有效性：一项随机对照试验

在造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 过程中，超过四分之一的主要照顾者报告临床上显着的痛苦。为主要照顾者提供早期支持可以减少照顾者的痛苦并提高生活质量。本研究检查了三阶段护理人员支持干预的效果，该干预旨在减少护理人员的痛苦并改善儿科 HSCT 住院期间的生活质量。重复测量进行了两组比较研究。参与者被随机分配到干预组或对照组。干预组在移植前5天、移植后14天、出院前1周接受支持干预。对照组接受医院病房提供的标准支持。在所有三个时间点从自我报告问卷中获得测量，这些测量与焦虑、抑郁、感知压力和生活质量有关。结果表明，在移植后 14 天，干预组 (n = 22) 的主要照顾者报告的感知压力水平和生活质量水平显着低于对照组 (n = 23)。在干预组中，从移植前到移植后 14 天，照顾者的痛苦显着减少，而同期照顾者的生活质量显着提高。该干预有效地改变了儿童在HSCT和住院过程中的痛苦和生活质量的趋势。