The host‐microbe relationship is pivotal for oral health as well as for peri‐implant diseases. Peri‐implant mucosa and commensal biofilm play important roles in the maintenance of host‐microbe homeostasis, but little is known about how they interact. We have therefore investigated the early host‐microbe interaction between commensal multispecies biofilm (Streptococcus oralis , Actinomyces naeslundii , Veillonella dispar , Porphyromonas gingivalis ) and organotypic peri‐implant mucosa using our three‐dimensional model. After 24 hr, biofilms induced weak inflammatory reaction in the peri‐implant mucosa by upregulation of five genes related to immune response and increased secretion of IL‐6 and CCL20. Biofilm volume was reduced which might be explained by secretion of β‐Defensins‐1, ‐2, and CCL20. The specific tissue reaction without intrinsic overreaction might contribute to intact mucosa. Thus, a relationship similar to homeostasis and oral health was established within the first 24 hr. In contrast, the mucosa was damaged and the bacterial distribution was altered after 48 hr. These were accompanied by an enhanced immune response with upregulation of additional inflammatory‐related genes and increased cytokine secretion. Thus, the homeostasis‐like relationship was disrupted. Such profound knowledge of the host‐microbe interaction at the peri‐implant site may provide the basis to improve strategies for prevention and therapy of peri‐implant diseases.

中文翻译：

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种植体周围口腔黏膜-生物膜模型中的早期宿主-微生物相互作用。

宿主-微生物关系对于口腔健康以及种植体周围疾病至关重要。种植体周围黏膜和共生生物膜在维持宿主微生物稳态方面发挥着重要作用，但对它们如何相互作用知之甚少。因此，我们研究了共生多物种生物膜（口腔链球菌、内氏放线菌、Veillonella dispar、牙龈卟啉单胞菌）之间的早期宿主-微生物相互作用。) 和使用我们的三维模型的器官型种植体周围粘膜。24 小时后，生物膜通过上调与免疫反应相关的五个基因和增加 IL-6 和 CCL20 的分泌，在种植体周围黏膜中诱导微弱的炎症反应。生物膜体积减少，这可能是通过分泌 β-Defensins-1、-2 和 CCL20 来解释的。没有内在过度反应的特定组织反应可能有助于完整的粘膜。因此，在第一个 24 小时内建立了类似于体内平衡和口腔健康的关系。相比之下，48 小时后粘膜受损，细菌分布发生改变。这些伴随着免疫反应的增强，其他炎症相关基因的上调和细胞因子分泌的增加。因此，类似稳态的关系被破坏了。