Abstract This study examines whether the level of community accessibility to green spaces varies as a function of socioeconomic factors, focusing on three underexplored aspects affecting green inequity assessment: implications of alternative green measures, spatial non-stationarity of socioeconomic impacts, and regional/local context. Using six green measures involving general greenness, tree canopy, developed open space, agricultural lands, parks, green trails, golf courses and sports fields, Geographically Weighted Regression models are developed, and coefficient surfaces are created and compared over two metropolitan areas, Columbus and Atlanta. Second-order effects among individual factors are tested to explore synergistic linkages among them. The results show that the identified patterns of green access inequity vary significantly with the selected green measure. In both metropolitan areas, access to parks, green trails, golf and sports fields turns out to be spatially independent from general greenness and tree canopies. GWR coefficient surfaces show that the socioeconomic-green relationships are spatially heterogeneous and context-dependent, affected by a complex web of forces, including urban heritage, racial and lifestyle diversity, and natural landscape. While natural landscape and income have greater effects in Columbus, racial disparity is dominant in Atlanta. Income-driven disparities are most visible in inner suburban areas and tend to abate in the urban core and exurbs. Urban greening programs need to diversify in terms of green type and location to address localized deficits over a wide urban spectrum.

中文翻译：

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了解替代绿色措施下社区绿色可达性的差异：对俄亥俄州哥伦布市和佐治亚州亚特兰大市的全市分析

摘要 本研究考察了社区对绿色空间的可达性水平是否随社会经济因素而变化，重点关注影响绿色不公平评估的三个未充分探索的方面：替代绿色措施的影响、社会经济影响的空间非平稳性以及区域/地方背景. 使用六种绿色措施，涉及一般绿化、树冠、已开发的开放空间、农业用地、公园、绿色步道、高尔夫球场和运动场，开发了地理加权回归模型，并在两个大都市区创建和比较了系数表面，哥伦布和亚特兰大。测试单个因素之间的二阶效应以探索它们之间的协同联系。结果表明，绿色获取不公平的识别模式随所选择的绿色措施而显着变化。在这两个大都市区，进入公园、绿色小径、高尔夫球场和运动场在空间上与一般的绿化和树冠无关。GWR 系数表面表明，社会经济-绿色关系在空间上是异质的，并且取决于环境，受到复杂的力量网络的影响，包括城市遗产、种族和生活方式的多样性以及自然景观。虽然自然景观和收入对哥伦布的影响更大，但种族差异在亚特兰大占主导地位。收入驱动的差距在近郊地区最为明显，在城市核心和郊区趋于减弱。