In recent years, more and more data indicate the effect of human microbiota on carcinogenesis. Despite the numerous studies on the relationship between gut microbiota and carcinogenesis, the exact mechanisms of this interaction are not well studied. It becomes apparent that this relationship can be mediated by microbial metabolites. Mechanisms of some well-known bacterial genotoxins and oncogenes, such as colibactin, CagA, IpgD, VirA, P37, have been studied in detail. At the same time, a role in carcinogenesis of a large group of gut microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, polyamines, and products of polyphenol and tryptophan catabolism, is less well understood. However, more and more evidence data show the effect of bacterial metabolites on cancer development and progression. In this review, we summarize relevant data regarding the possible mechanisms that can account for the effects of gut microbial metabolites mentioned above in carcinogenesis.

近年来，越来越多的数据表明人类微生物群对致癌作用的影响。尽管对肠道微生物群和致癌作用之间的关系进行了大量研究，但这种相互作用的确切机制尚未得到很好的研究。显然，这种关系可以由微生物代谢物介导。已经详细研究了一些众所周知的细菌基因毒素和致癌基因的机制，例如大肠菌素，CagA，IpgD，VirA，P37。同时，人们对包括短链脂肪酸，多胺以及多酚和色氨酸分解代谢产物在内的大量肠道微生物代谢物在致癌作用中的作用了解得很少。然而，越来越多的证据数据表明细菌代谢产物对癌症发展和进程的影响。在这篇评论中