The dormant resistant spores of Clostridioides difficile are transformed into metabolically active cells through the process of germination. Spore germination in C. difficile is regulated by the detection of bile salt germinants and amino acid cogerminants by pseudoproteases CspC and CspA, respectively. The germinant signal is transduced to the serine protease CspB, which processes the cortex lytic enzyme SleC, leading to degradation of the spore cortex peptidoglycan and subsequent reactivation of the spore. Divergent C. difficile germination models have been proposed to explain interactions between key regulators and transduction of germinant and cogerminant signals. This review summarises advances in understanding C. difficile germination and outlines current models of germination regulation.

艰难梭状芽胞杆菌的休眠抗性孢子通过发芽过程转化为代谢活性细胞。难辨梭状芽孢杆菌的孢子萌发通过分别通过假蛋白酶CspC和CspA检测胆汁盐发芽剂和氨基酸萌发剂来调节。萌发信号转导至丝氨酸蛋白酶CspB，其处理皮质分解酶SleC，导致孢子皮质肽聚糖聚糖降解并随后使孢子重新活化。已经提出了不同的艰难梭菌萌发模型来解释关键调控因子与萌发和共萌信号转导之间的相互作用。这篇综述总结了了解艰难梭菌的进展 萌发并概述当前的萌发调控模型。