Disasters cause enormous damages to the natural environment which underpins human survival, yet we largely fail to account for the loss of services from the damaged environmental when it comes to accounting for disaster-related costs. This is mainly due to lack of conventional market price-tag for the services that are readily obtained from the natural environment. This study presents a costing framework, following the World Bank [1]; and a set of methodologies for how to measure such losses. A key focus of proposed methodologies is to assess these losses in terms of their impacts on human well-being, applying both the monetary and non-monetary measures. This paper further demonstrates the application of the proposed framework and methodologies for assessing the loss of ecosystem services from bushfires in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia, where wildfires are frequent, extensive, and often destructive. The total bushfires-related loss was estimated at AU$95-132million per year. Evaluating such costs for loss of Indigenous peoples’ well-being who reside in remote parts of the NT, presents an estimate of AU$272 million/yr. It discusses the key challenges to evaluate environmental losses, particularly the importance of applying local values, and understanding the local context and intricacies between social and economic systems. The framework and methodologies presented here to evaluate environmental losses can be useful to inform policy planning in natural disaster management.

灾害对自然环境造成了巨大破坏，为人类的生存奠定了基础，但是在计入与灾害相关的成本时，我们在很大程度上没有考虑到受损环境造成的服务损失。这主要是由于缺乏从自然环境中容易获得的服务的常规市场价格标签。这项研究遵循了世界银行[1]，提出了一个成本核算框架。以及一套如何衡量此类损失的方法。拟议方法的重点是运用货币和非货币措施评估这些损失对人类福祉的影响。本文进一步论证了拟议框架和方法在评估澳大利亚北部地区（NT）丛林大火造成的生态系统服务损失方面的应用，在野火频发，范围广泛且经常具有破坏性的地方。与丛林大火相关的总损失估计为每年95-132百万澳元。对居住在北领地偏远地区的土著人民的福祉造成的损失进行评估，估计每年为2.72亿澳元。它讨论了评估环境损失的主要挑战，特别是应用当地价值观念以及理解当地背景和社会与经济系统之间复杂性的重要性。此处介绍的评估环境损失的框架和方法对于指导自然灾害管理中的政策规划很有用。对居住在北领地偏远地区的土著人民的福祉造成的损失进行评估，估计每年为2.72亿澳元。它讨论了评估环境损失的主要挑战，特别是应用当地价值观念以及理解当地背景和社会与经济系统之间复杂性的重要性。此处介绍的评估环境损失的框架和方法对于指导自然灾害管理中的政策规划很有用。对居住在北领地偏远地区的土著人民的福祉造成的损失进行评估，估计每年为2.72亿澳元。它讨论了评估环境损失的主要挑战，特别是应用当地价值观念以及理解当地背景和社会与经济系统之间复杂性的重要性。此处介绍的评估环境损失的框架和方法对于指导自然灾害管理中的政策规划很有用。