In order to analyze the content, spatial distribution characteristics, sources and influencing factors of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in kitchen dust and put forward reasonable suggestions for rural environmental management, 282 samples of kitchen dust in 15 prefecture-level cities of Anhui Province were collected for the detailed study. The results showed that the content of Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in rural kitchen dust was higher than the background values in the soil of Anhui Province. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that Cr, Ni and Fe in rural kitchen dust mainly came from the falling off and release of kitchen utensils under high temperature conditions, Cu, Pb and Zn mainly came from the releasing of non-boiling cooking activities and solid fuel combustion emissions in kitchens, and Mn mainly cames from solid fuel combustion. The content of Mn, Pb and Zn in household kitchen dust with solid fuel accounting for more than 50% of household total fuel was significantly higher than those in households using non-solid fuel. In household kitchen dust where solid fuel accounts for more than 60% of household total fuel, Cu content was significantly higher than that of households using non-solid fuel. Among the households using non-solid fuels, the content of Cu, Pb and Zn in non-boiling household kitchen dust was significantly higher than those in boiling household kitchen dust. The content of Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn in rural kitchen dust in Anhui Province was positively correlated with the household permanent population.

为了分析厨房粉尘中Cr，Cu，Fe，Mn，Ni，Pb和Zn的含量，空间分布特征，来源和影响因素，并对农村环境管理提出合理建议，对15个州的282份厨房粉尘样品进行了分析。收集了安徽省两级城市进行详细研究。结果表明，农村厨房粉尘中Cr，Cu，Mn，Pb和Zn的含量高于安徽省土壤本底值。多元统计分析表明，农村厨房粉尘中的Cr，Ni和Fe主要来自高温条件下厨具的脱落和释放，Cu，Pb和Zn主要来自无沸腾烹饪活动的释放和固体燃料的燃烧。厨房中的锰排放主要来自固体燃料燃烧。固体燃料占家庭总燃料的50％以上的厨房粉尘中Mn，Pb和Zn的含量显着高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在固体燃料占家庭总燃料的60％以上的家庭厨房灰尘中，Cu含量明显高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在使用非固体燃料的家庭中，未煮沸的家用厨房粉尘中的Cu，Pb和Zn含量显着高于沸腾的家用厨房粉尘。安徽省农村厨房粉尘中Cr，Cu，Mn，Pb和Zn的含量与家庭常住人口呈正相关。固体燃料占家庭总燃料的50％以上的家用厨房粉尘中的Pb和Zn显着高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在固体燃料占家庭总燃料的60％以上的家用厨房灰尘中，Cu含量明显高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在使用非固体燃料的家庭中，未煮沸的家用厨房粉尘中的Cu，Pb和Zn含量显着高于沸腾的家用厨房粉尘。安徽省农村厨房粉尘中Cr，Cu，Mn，Pb和Zn的含量与户籍人口呈正相关。固体燃料占家庭总燃料的50％以上的家用厨房粉尘中的Pb和Zn显着高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在固体燃料占家庭总燃料的60％以上的家用厨房灰尘中，Cu含量明显高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在使用非固体燃料的家庭中，未煮沸的家用厨房粉尘中的Cu，Pb和Zn含量显着高于沸腾的家用厨房粉尘。安徽省农村厨房粉尘中Cr，Cu，Mn，Pb和Zn的含量与家庭常住人口呈正相关。铜含量明显高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在使用非固体燃料的家庭中，未煮沸的家用厨房粉尘中的Cu，Pb和Zn含量显着高于沸腾的家用厨房粉尘。安徽省农村厨房粉尘中Cr，Cu，Mn，Pb和Zn的含量与家庭常住人口呈正相关。铜含量明显高于使用非固体燃料的家庭。在使用非固体燃料的家庭中，非沸腾的家庭厨房灰尘中的Cu，Pb和Zn含量显着高于沸腾的家庭厨房灰尘。安徽省农村厨房粉尘中Cr，Cu，Mn，Pb和Zn的含量与家庭常住人口呈正相关。