This study was conducted to evaluate the application of four fish origin probiotics to relieve the side effects induced by SBM in shrimp. Shrimps were fed with high fish meal diet (C0, positive control containing 500 g/kg FM and 0 g/kg SBM), low fish meal diet (C, control containing 250 g/kg FM and 340 g/kg SBM) or the control diet (C) supplemented, respectively, with 1.0 × 10⁸ CFU/g Bacillus pumilus SE5 (T1), Psychrobacter sp. SE6 (T2), Enterococcus faecium MM4 (T3) or Bacillus claussi DE5 (T4). After 6 weeks of feeding, the growth performance, hepatopancreatic digestive enzymes, intestinal histological structure and immune parameters were determined. The results showed that compared with high FM group (C0), significantly lower WGR and SGR as well as higher FCR were observed in the low FM group (C) (p < .05). Compared with the control, significantly lower FCR was observed in treatment T1 (p < .05), but not in treatments T2–T4. Protease, amylase and lipase activities in all the treatments (T1‐T4) were significantly higher than the control (p < .05). GOT and GPT activities in the control were significantly lower than the C0 (p < .05), while higher MDA level was recorded in the control (p < .05). Meanwhile, higher GPT activities were observed in treatments T1‐T4 compared with the control (p < .05). Compared with the C0, lower SOD, ACP and AKP activities were observed in the control. Significantly improved SOD and AKP activities were observed in all probiotic feeding groups compared with the control (p < .05). The control diet led to significant reduction of intestinal wall thickness and villus height compared with the C0 (p < .05), while significantly higher intestinal wall thickness and villus height were exhibited in all the probiotic groups compared with the control (p < .05), except intestinal wall thickness in treatment T3. Thus, these results demonstrated that the four fish origin probiotic strains could relieve the side effects induced by high level of SBM in shrimp, while probiotic B. pumilus SE5 showed the best performance.

中文翻译：

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鱼源益生菌对用豆粕代替鱼粉的日粮（对虾凡纳滨对虾）的生长性能，免疫反应和肠道健康的影响

这项研究旨在评估四种鱼类来源的益生菌在减轻虾中SBM诱导的副作用方面的应用。虾饲喂高鱼粉日粮（C0，含有500 g / kg FM和0 g / kg SBM的阳性对照），低鱼粉日粮（C，含有250 g / kg FM和340 g / kg SBM的对照）或对照饮食（C）分别补充1.0×10 ⁸  CFU / g短小芽孢杆菌SE5（T1），Psychrobacter sp。SE6（T2），粪肠球菌MM4（T3）或克劳氏芽孢杆菌DE5（T4）。喂养6周后，测定其生长性能，肝胰消化酶，肠道组织结构和免疫参数。结果表明，与高FM组（C0）相比，低FM组（C）的WGR和SGR显着降低，而FCR较高（p <  .05）。与对照组相比，在治疗T1中观察到的FCR明显降低（p  <.05），但在治疗T2–T4中则没有。在所有处理中（T1-T4），蛋白酶，淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性均显着高于对照（p  <.05）。对照中的GOT和GPT活性显着低于C0（p  <.05），而对照中记录到的MDA水平较高（p <.05）。同时，与对照相比，治疗T1-T4中观察到更高的GPT活性（p  <.05）。与C0相比，在对照中观察到较低的SOD，ACP和AKP活性。与对照组相比，所有益生菌喂养组的SOD和AKP活性均得到显着改善（p  <.05）。与C0相比，对照饮食导致肠壁厚度和绒毛高度显着降低（p  <.05），而所有益生菌组的肠壁厚度和绒毛高度均显着高于对照组（p <.05），但治疗T3中的肠壁厚度除外。因此，这些结果表明，四种鱼类来源的益生菌菌株可以缓解虾中高水平的SBM诱导的副作用，而益生菌B. pumilus SE5表现最佳。