Metagenomics is a technology employed to study genetic material directly isolated from environmental samples. Metagenomics thus reveals knowledge on microbial communities of uncultivable organisms in environmental niches, using screening technologies based on sequence and function. Applications include the identification of novel bacteria or gene clusters encoding for enzymes that degrade pollutants. Metagenomics also help to diagnose and monitor pathogens. Here, we review application of metagenomics for bioremediation, pollution monitoring, enzyme, and drug discovery.

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元基因组学在微生物多样性，生物修复，污染监测，酶和药物发现中的应用。回顾

元基因组学是一种用于研究直接从环境样品中分离的遗传物质的技术。因此，元基因组学使用基于序列和功能的筛选技术揭示了环境利基中不可培养生物的微生物群落的知识。应用包括鉴定新型细菌或编码降解污染物酶的基因簇。元基因组学还有助于诊断和监测病原体。在这里，我们回顾了宏基因组学在生物修复，污染监测，酶和药物发现中的应用。