Biomethanation through anaerobic digestion (AD) is the most reliable energy harvesting process to achieve waste-to-energy. Microbial communities, including hydrolytic and fermentative bacteria, syntrophic bacteria, and methanogenic archaea, and their interspecies symbioses allow complex metabolisms for the volumetric reduction of organic waste in AD. However, heterogeneity in organic waste induces community shifts in conventional anaerobic digesters treating sewage sludge at wastewater treatment plants globally. Assessing the metabolic roles of individual microbial species in syntrophic communities remains a challenge, but such information has important implications for microbially enhanced energy recovery. This review focuses on the alterations in digester microbiome and intricate interspecies networks during substrate variation, symbiosis among the populations, and their implications for biomethanation to aid stable operation in real-scale digesters.

通过厌氧消化 (AD) 进行生物甲烷化是实现废物转化为能源的最可靠的能量收集过程。微生物群落，包括水解和发酵细菌、共养细菌和产甲烷古细菌，以及它们的种间共生关系允许复杂的代谢，以减少 AD 中的有机废物的体积。然而，有机废物的异质性导致全球污水处理厂处理污水污泥的传统厌氧消化器发生群落变化。评估单个微生物物种在共养群落中的代谢作用仍然是一个挑战，但这些信息对微生物增强的能量回收具有重要意义。本综述重点关注底物变异过程中消化器微生物组的变化和复杂的种间网络，